Research Design RESEARCH METHOD

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

Chapter III will put an emphasis on the research methodology comprising the type of the study, the setting, the population and sample, the research procedure, the data collection technique, the research instrument, and the data analysis technique.

3.1 Research Design

According to Gay et al 2011:445 when the researcher demands to answer a descriptive question i.e., what happened? or an explanatory question i.e., how or why did something happen?, the most appropriate method shehe can use is a case study. Besides, the researcher in a case study focuses on a unit of study known as a bounded system i.e., individual teachers, a classroom, or a school. This study, furhtermore, attempts to investigate “a case” in which here refers to the English syllabus. By adopting case study, I attempt to describe what happened with the previous syllabus, and explain why we need to redesign a new English syllabus. In doing a case study, I focus on obtaining and inteprating the data. I, furthermore, am able to use several data collection techniques such as questionnaire, observation, and interview. All of the data emphasizes in unity and wholeness of the case. Yin 1984:23 as cited in Nunan 1992:76 explained that a case study is an empirical inquiry that investigates a contemporary phenomenon within its real- life context; when the boundaries between phenomenon and context are not clearly evident; and in which multiple sources of evidence are used. Furthermore, in applied linguistics, the case study, however, has been employed principally as a tool to trace the language development of first and second language. Moreover, case study is ‘strong reality’ and therefore likely to appeal to practitioners, who will be able to identify with the issues and concern raised Adelman, 1976, in Nunan, 1997:78. Furthermore, there are some stages in doing a case study Isaac and Michael, 1987:48. First stage is stating the objectives. It explains the unit of study, its characteristics, relationships, and processes will direct the investigation. Second one deals with designing the approach. It includes the way units are selected, source of data and data collection method. Moreover, third stage is collecting the data, while fourth stage is organizing the information to form a coherent, well-integrated reconstruction of the unit of study. The last stage deals with reporting the results and discusses their significance.

3.2 The Subjects of the Study