Micro skills of Writing

way to the final version in order to produce a good writing. Then, he reflects and revises his draft to make appropriate revisions considering the grammar, capitalization, punctuation, spelling, etc. Revising can include adding, deleting, rearranging, or substituting words, sentences, and even entire paragraphs to make his writing more accurately represent the ideas. Finally, he produces his final version. In addition, the students cannot only concern with their final output in writing, they should deal with the process or steps of writing in producing good writing in terms of language, content, and purpose. Hyland 2004:10 describes the stages of writing to give students clear understanding that the writing process is important to produce a good writing. The first stage is selecting a topic which can be done by both students and teachers. Students can find their own topic or with teachers‟ assistance. Otherwise, teachers can decide the topic that students should use to write. The next stage is prewriting. Before the students start writing, they do brainstorming, collecting data, note-taking, and outlining. The third stage is composing or drafting. In this stage, the students start to write down their ideas on paper. The next stage is responding to revisions. The review can be conducted by teachers or peers. It is about responding to ideas, organization of the text, and text styles. The next stage is proofreading and editing. There will be checking and correcting the form, the evidences, the layout, and so on. After conducting the stage of proofreading and editing, it means that they have finished their writing, it is the time to step on to the seventh stage, which is the evaluation. The teachers judge the progress that they achieve within the process. They should get their progress by the time. After teachers finish evaluating their writing, the next step is publishing. In this stage, the people are allowed to read the writing as the final product. It can be presented in a class or showed on notice boards, or even in website. The last stage is having follow-up tasks. It is carried out to conclude the weaknesses of their writing. By conducting this stage, later on, students are expected to have better writing.

f. Teaching the Writing skill

Writing is considered as a means of communication. It involves a complex process where people have to use certain grammatical rules in organizing facts. It also tends to involve a thinking process from human being. The objectives of the teaching of the writing skill can be achieved through some approaches. As proposed by Harmer 2001: 25, there are two approaches in teaching writing. They are focusing on the product of the writing process and focusing on the writing process itself. He states that focusing on the writing process leads to those who advocate a process approach in writing. However, teachers have to pay attention to the various stages of any piece of the writing process. In addition, the teachers should understand how to teach writing to students. Harmer 1998:79 claims that there are several reasons why teacher should teach writing. The reasons are reinforcement, language development, learning style, and writing as a skill. Furthermore, the reasons will be presented as follows.