Dimana ; I
n
= Arus Pada Menara ke n dari titik sambaran I
a
= Arus Kilat Maka dapat dihitung besar tegangan puncak pada tiap menara, dimana
n t
I Z
e =
Tabel 4.10. Hasil Perhitungan distribusi arus dan tegangan pada tiap menara
IV.4 Perhitungan Tegangan Isolator
Cara menghitungan tegangan pada isolator telah dijelaskan pada subbab 3.4 Berikut hasil perhitungannya untuk arus puncak petir = 60 kA.
Tabel 4.11 Hasil Perhitungan Parameter -parameter Menara
Menara a
b R
d
70 1.0180
0.0180 25.7023 -0.7135 71
1.0096 0.0096 39.5337 -0.5921
72 1.0172
0.0172 25.3370 -0.7173 73
1.0171 0.0171 40.8196 -0.5852
74 1.0160
0.0160 35.2023 -0.6325
Menara In kA e0 kV
70 30.5407
4693.9413 71
14.8699 2294.5068
72 7.4175
1141.8288 73
3.6435 568.4370
74 1.7884
279.6274 75
0.8873 132.8397
76 0.4285
70.2931 77
0.2108 33.0888
78 0.1045
16.6413 79
0.0510 8.0666
80 0.0252
4.0787
75 1.0248
0.0248 33.8448 -0.6312 76
1.0149 0.0149 68.5245 -0.4108
77 1.0140
0.0140 34.7337 -0.6376 78
1.0197 0.0197 49.8025 -0.5236
79 1.0150
0.0150 31.2315 -0.6704 80
1.0198 0.0198 28.7310 -0.6983
Untuk menganalisa tegangan pada lengan tiap menara, yang pertama kali yang harus dilakukan adalah menentukan t
a
dan t
b
dimana t
a
= waktu yang dibutuhkan gelombang dari puncak menara untuk sampai ke isolator menara ataupun sebaliknya
t
b
= waktu yang dibutuhkan gelombang dari isolator untuk sampai ke kaki menara ataupun sebaliknya
perhitungan dianalisa menara per menara, hal ini disebabkan oleh karena konstruksi menara yang berbeda beda
c x
t
i a
= dan
c x
x t
i b
− =
Dimana c
= kecepatan rambat gelombang dalam hal ini 3 x 10
8
ms x
i
= Jarak puncak menara dengan isolator paling tinggi
x =
Tinggi menara
Tabel 4.12. Hasil Perhitungan t
a
dan t
b
pada tiap menara
Menara x m
X
i
m ta µs
tb µs
70 28.2
4 0.0133
0.0807 71
28.2 4
0.0133 0.0807
72 28.2
4 0.0133
0.0807 73
31.2 4
0.0133 0.0907
74 31.2
4 0.0133
0.0907 75
28.2 4
0.0133 0.0807
76 40.2
4 0.0133
0.1207 77
31.2 4
0.0133 0.0907
78 32.8
2.8 0.0093
0.1000 79
34.2 4
0.0133 0.1007
80 35.8
2.8 0.0093
0.1100 Dengan Persamaan 3.12 diperoleh tegangan lengan menara
Vi= e0
+ +
+ +
+ }
e -
{e d
b }
e -
{e d
b }
e -
{e bd
} e
- bd{e
} e
- d{e
} e
- {e
0,60 -
t6 -
0,60 -
t6 -
3 2
0,50 -
t5 -
0,50 -
t5 -
2 2
0,40 -
t4 -
0,40 -
t4 -
2 0,30
- t3
- 0,30
- t3
- 0,20
- t2
- 0,20
- t2
- t1
- t1
- b
a b
a b
a b
a b
a b
a
Tabel 4.13 Tegangan Isolator menara
t µs Vi kV
Menara 70
Menara 71
Menara 72
Menara 73
Menara 74
Menara 75
Menara 76
Menara 77
Menara 78
Menara 79
Menara 80
0.1 1804.9986
882.3250 439.0765
218.5856 107.5273
51.0819 27.0304
12.7239 6.3992
3.1019 1.5684
0.2 2618.7593
1284.3436 508.7412
314.9587 155.1240
74.4104 38.2550
18.4312 9.1678
4.4474 2.2402
0.3 894.3948
455.3428 221.5604
105.4536 53.0908
24.0389 12.7601
6.5368 3.1312
1.4873 0.7844
0.4 670.9623
348.2994 169.0364
77.7885 39.7451
17.4257 9.2814
4.9878 2.3314
1.0928 0.5915
0.5 540.1033
285.4596 137.2183
61.5705 31.9225
13.5535 7.2368
4.0778 1.8620
0.8614 0.4782
0.6 459.6500
246.7603 117.6205
51.6033 27.1133
11.1746 5.9806
3.5173 1.5735
0.7192 0.4085
0.7 410.0854
222.8879 105.5344
45.4661 24.1506
9.7104 5.2073
3.1716 1.3958
0.6316 0.3656
0.8 379.4754
208.1249 98.0639
41.6790 22.3211
8.8076 4.7304
2.9579 1.2861
0.5776 0.3391
0.9 360.5003
198.9574 93.4288
39.3343 21.1872
8.2492 4.4354
2.8252 1.2182
0.5441 0.3226
1 348.6680
193.2264 90.5351
37.8751 20.4804
7.9024 4.2521
2.7423 1.1758
0.5233 0.3124
1.1 341.2215
189.6060 88.7109
36.9596 20.0357
7.6854 4.1374
2.6899 1.1492
0.5103 0.3059
1.2 336.4680
187.2817 87.5436
36.3779 19.7520
7.5481 4.0648
2.6563 1.1323
0.5020 0.3018
1.3 333.3684
185.7536 86.7797
36.0013 19.5672
7.4597 4.0180
2.6343 1.1213
0.4967 0.2991
1.4 331.2845
184.7144 86.2635
35.7505 19.4432
7.4015 3.9872
2.6193 1.1139
0.4931 0.2972
1.5 329.8245
183.9756 85.8996
35.5771 19.3564
7.3617 3.9660
2.6087 1.1088
0.4907 0.2960
1.6 328.7479
183.4215 85.6292
35.4512 19.2926
7.3332 3.9509
2.6007 1.1050
0.4889 0.2950
1.7 327.9070
182.9808 85.4163
35.3545 19.2429
7.3118 3.9394
2.5944 1.1021
0.4875 0.2943
1.8 327.2110
182.6099 85.2388
35.2758 19.2017
7.2946 3.9303
2.5891 1.0997
0.4864 0.2936
1.9 326.6043
182.2821 85.0831
35.2081 19.1659
7.2800 3.9225
2.5845 1.0976
0.4855 0.2931
2 326.0526
181.9808 84.9408
35.1473 19.1335
7.2671 3.0801
2.5809 1.0958
0.4847 0.2926
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50 164.3760
91.7490 42.8232
21.8339 11.5039
3.6631 1.9737
1.3008 0.5524
0.2443 0.1475
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200 19.3590
10.8055 5.0434
2.0867 1.1360
0.4314 0.2324
0.1532 0.0651
0.0288 0.0174
200.1 19.3314
10.7901 5.0362
2.0837 1.1344
0.4308 0.2321
0.1530 0.0650
0.0287 0.0173
200.2 19.3038
10.7747 5.0290
2.0808 1.1328
0.4302 0.2318
0.1528 0.0649
0.0287 0.0173
200.3 19.2763
10.7594 5.0219
2.0778 1.1312
0.4296 0.2315
0.1525 0.0648
0.0287 0.0173
200.4 19.2489
10.7441 5.0147
2.0748 1.1296
0.4290 0.2311
0.1523 0.0647
0.0286 0.0173
200.5 19.2214
10.7288 5.0076
2.0719 1.1279
0.4283 0.2308
0.1521 0.0646
0.0286 0.0173
200.6 19.1941
10.7135 5.0004
2.0689 1.1263
0.4277 0.2305
0.1519 0.0645
0.0285 0.0172
200.7 19.1667
10.6982 4.9933
2.0660 1.1247
0.4271 0.2301
0.1517 0.0644
0.0285 0.0172
200.8 19.1394
10.6830 4.9862
2.0630 1.1231
0.4265 0.2298
0.1515 0.0643
0.0284 0.0172
200.9 19.1121
10.6677 4.9791
2.0601 1.1215
0.4259 0.2295
0.1512 0.0642
0.0284 0.0172
201 19.0849
10.6525 4.9720
2.0571 1.1199
0.4253 0.2292
0.1510 0.0641
0.0284 0.0171
IV.4.1. Perhitungan Tegangan Isolator Menara untuk Berbagai Panjang
Elektroda Pembumian
Pada Tabel 4.14 ditunjukkan hasil perhitungan tegangan isolator menara untuk impedansi surja pembumian berbagai panjang elektroda pembumian dalam
Tabel 4.5 dan ditampilkan kurva masing-masing tegangan isolator menara.
Tabel 4.14 Tegangan isolator menara untuk
berbagai panjang elektroda pembumian
t µs Vi kV
Menara 70 Menara 71
Menara 72 l 1,5
m l 4 m
l 8 m l 12
m l 1,5
m l 4 m
l 8 m l 12
m l 1,5
m l 4
m l 8
m l 12
m
0.1 1799.98
1801.73 1791.73
1786.05 875.69
877.38 867.70
862.23 434.21
435.47 428.28
424.23 0.2
2619.89 2632.57
2648.26 2678.62
1275.30 1282.68
1283.13 1293.66
632.00 636.28
633.02 636.24
0.3 899.33
930.04 945.24
1000.69 438.16
453.61 458.51
483.97 216.95
224.79 225.94
237.69 0.4
672.12 698.46
677.21 697.75
327.73 340.94
328.71 337.65
162.14 168.82
161.87 165.73
0.5 538.43
561.11 513.71
507.76 262.77
274.12 249.53
245.86 129.89
135.62 122.79
120.61 0.6
456.10 476.23
411.66 387.88
222.76 232.83
200.10 187.93
110.03 115.10
98.40 92.13
0.7 405.34
423.80 348.33
313.10 198.09
207.33 169.43
151.79 97.78
102.43 83.26
74.37 0.8
373.98 391.38
309.13 266.69
182.85 191.55
150.44 129.37
90.21 94.59
73.89 63.35
0.9 354.54
371.26 284.86
237.96 173.41
181.76 138.68
115.48 85.53
89.73 68.09
56.52 1
342.42 358.72
269.79 220.16
167.52 175.66
131.38 106.87
82.60 86.70
64.49 52.29
1.1 334.80
350.83 260.39
209.10 163.82
171.82 126.83
101.53 80.77
84.79 62.24
49.67 1.2
329.95 345.80
254.49 202.20
161.46 169.37
123.97 98.19
79.59 83.58
60.83 48.03
1.3 326.79
342.52 250.72
197.86 159.92
167.78 122.15
96.09 78.83
82.79 59.93
47.00 1.4
324.67 340.32
248.28 195.08
158.89 166.70
120.96 94.75
78.32 82.26
59.35 46.34
1.5 323.20
338.79 246.64
193.27 158.17
165.96 120.17
93.88 77.97
81.88 58.96
45.91 1.6
322.11 337.66
245.50 192.06
157.64 165.41
119.61 93.29
77.70 81.61
58.68 45.62
1.7 321.27
336.78 244.67
191.21 157.23
164.98 119.21
92.88 77.50
81.40 58.48
45.42 1.8
320.58 336.06
244.02 190.58
156.89 164.63
118.90 92.57
77.33 81.23
58.33 45.27
1.9 319.98
335.43 243.49
190.09 157.03
164.32 118.64
92.33 77.19
81.07 58.20
45.15 2
319.43 334.86
243.03 189.69
156.33 164.04
118.41 92.14
77.06 80.94
58.09 45.05
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50 161.036
168.815 122.484
95.561 78.813
82.698 59.679
46.418 38.847
40.802 29.278
22.698 ▪
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▪ 200
18.966 19.882
14.425 11.254
9.282 9.740
7.029 5.467
4.575 4.805
3.448 2.673
200.1 18.939
19.853 14.405
11.238 9.269
9.726 7.019
5.459 4.569
4.799 3.443
2.669 200.2
18.912 19.825
14.384 11.222
9.256 9.712
7.009 5.451
4.562 4.792
3.438 2.666
200.3 18.885
19.797 14.364
11.206 9.242
9.698 6.999
5.443 4.556
4.785 3.433
2.662 200.4
18.858 19.769
14.343 11.190
9.229 9.684
6.989 5.436
4.549 4.778
3.428 2.658
200.5 18.831
19.741 14.323
11.174 9.216
9.670 6.979
5.428 4.543
4.771 3.424
2.654 200.6
18.804 19.712
14.302 11.159
9.203 9.657
6.969 5.420
4.536 4.764
3.419 2.650
200.7 18.777
19.684 14.282
11.143 9.190
9.643 6.959
5.413 4.530
4.758 3.414
2.647 200.8
18.751 19.656
14.262 11.127
9.177 9.629
6.949 5.405
4.523 4.751
3.409 2.643
200.9 18.724
19.628 14.241
11.111 9.164
9.615 6.939
5.397 4.517
4.744 3.404
2.639 201
18.697 19.600
14.221 11.095
9.151 9.602
6.929 5.389
4.510 4.737
3.399 2.635
t µs Vi kV
Menara 73 Menara 74
Menara 75 l 1,5
m l 4 m
l 8 m l 12
m l 1,5
m l 4 m
l 8 m l 12
m l 1,5
m l 4
m l 8
m l 12
m
0.1 215.819
211.913 211.913
209.256 105.877
106.385 103.493
101.878 50.263
50.555 48.900
47.980 0.2
312.343 311.425
311.425 312.028
153.230 154.564
152.093 151.913
73.683 74.396
72.801 72.484
0.3 107.436
111.323 111.323
116.677 52.706
54.697 54.367
56.805 25.222
26.219 25.927
27.036 0.4
80.129 79.629
79.629 81.250
39.310 40.995
38.889 39.557
18.894 19.737
18.610 18.880
0.5 64.052
60.296 60.296
59.039 31.423
32.864 29.447
28.743 15.175
15.895 14.147
13.763 0.6
54.151 48.230
48.230 45.029
26.565 27.840
23.555 21.923
12.884 13.520
11.360 10.533
0.7 48.046
40.745 40.745
36.292 23.571
24.736 19.899
17.669 11.471
12.053 9.631
8.517 0.8
44.276 36.112
36.112 30.871
21.721 22.817
17.636 15.030
10.598 11.146
8.560 7.266
0.9 41.939
33.243 33.243
27.514 20.574
21.627 16.235
13.396 10.057
10.583 7.897
6.492 1
40.482 31.463
31.463 25.435
19.860 20.885
15.366 12.383
9.720 10.232
7.485 6.012
1.1 39.567
30.353 30.353
24.144 19.411
20.419 14.824
11.755 9.508
10.010 7.228
5.713 1.2
38.984 29.655
29.655 23.338
19.125 20.121
14.483 11.363
9.372 9.869
7.067 5.527
1.3 38.605
29.211 29.211
22.831 18.939
19.928 14.266
11.116 9.284
9.778 6.964
5.410 1.4
38.352 28.923
28.923 22.508
18.815 19.798
14.125 10.958
9.225 9.716
6.897 5.335
1.5 38.175
28.730 28.730
22.297 18.728
19.708 14.031
10.855 9.184
9.673 6.852
5.286 1.6
38.046 28.596
28.596 22.155
18.665 19.642
13.965 10.786
9.153 9.641
6.821 5.253
1.7 37.946
28.498 28.498
22.056 18.616
19.590 13.918
10.738 9.130
9.616 6.798
5.230 1.8
37.864 28.422
28.422 21.983
18.575 19.548
13.881 10.703
9.110 9.595
6.780 5.213
1.9 37.792
28.360 28.360
21.927 18.540
19.511 13.850
10.675 9.093
9.578 6.765
5.200 2
37.728 28.306
28.306 21.880
18.509 19.478
13.824 10.652
9.078 9.561
6.752 5.189
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50 19.020
14.266 14.266
11.023 9.331
9.819 6.967
5.366 4.576
4.820 3.403
2.614 ▪
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▪ 200
2.240 1.680
1.680 1.298
1.099 1.156
0.821 0.632
0.539 0.568
0.401 0.308
200.1 2.237
1.678 1.678
1.296 1.097
1.155 0.819
0.631 0.538
0.567 0.400
0.307 200.2
2.234 1.675
1.675 1.294
1.096 1.153
0.818 0.630
0.537 0.566
0.400 0.307
200.3 2.230
1.673 1.673
1.293 1.094
1.152 0.817
0.629 0.537
0.565 0.399
0.307 200.4
2.227 1.671
1.671 1.291
1.093 1.150
0.816 0.628
0.536 0.564
0.399 0.306
200.5 2.224
1.668 1.668
1.289 1.091
1.148 0.815
0.628 0.535
0.564 0.398
0.306 200.6
2.221 1.666
1.666 1.287
1.090 1.147
0.814 0.627
0.534 0.563
0.397 0.305
200.7 2.218
1.663 1.663
1.285 1.088
1.145 0.812
0.626 0.534
0.562 0.397
0.305 200.8
2.215 1.661
1.661 1.283
1.086 1.143
0.811 0.625
0.533 0.561
0.396 0.304
200.9 2.211
1.659 1.659
1.282 1.085
1.142 0.810
0.624 0.532
0.560 0.396
0.304 201
2.208 1.656
1.656 1.280
1.083 1.140
0.809 0.623
0.531 0.560
0.395 0.304
t µs Vi kV
Menara 76 Menara 77
Menara 78 l 1,5
m l 4
m l 8
m l 12
m l 1,5
m l 4
m l 8
m l 12
m l 1,5
m l 4
m l 8
m l 12
m
0.1 26.544
26.722 25.715
25.156 12.448
12.543 12.004
11.707 6.245
6.298 5.996
5.829 0.2
37.759 38.162
37.140 36.865
18.015 18.223
17.641 17.457
8.976 9.089
8.751 8.634
0.3 13.064
13.569 13.331
13.817 6.196
6.449 6.306
6.528 3.092
3.220 3.131
3.228 0.4
9.681 10.105
9.488 9.582
4.622 4.833
4.511 4.546
2.300 2.406
2.234 2.244
0.5 7.685
8.047 7.143
6.930 3.694
3.875 3.416
3.303 1.832
1.923 1.687
1.627 0.6
6.456 6.775
5.681 5.259
3.123 3.282
2.732 2.519
1.545 1.625
1.346 1.238
0.7 5.699
5.990 4.774
4.218 2.771
2.916 2.308
2.030 1.367
1.440 1.135
0.995 0.8
5.231 5.504
4.213 3.572
2.554 2.690
2.046 1.727
1.258 1.326
1.004 0.845
0.9 4.941
5.203 3.866
3.172 2.419
2.550 1.883
1.539 1.190
1.255 0.922
0.752 1
4.761 5.016
3.650 2.924
2.335 2.462
1.782 1.423
1.148 1.211
0.872 0.694
1.1 4.647
4.898 3.516
2.771 2.282
2.407 1.719
1.351 1.121
1.184 0.841
0.659 1.2
4.575 4.823
3.432 2.675
2.248 2.372
1.680 1.306
1.104 1.166
0.821 0.636
1.3 4.529
4.775 3.378
2.615 2.227
2.350 1.655
1.27 7
1.093 1.155
0.809 0.622
1.4 4.498
4.742 3.344
2.576 2.212
2.334 1.638
1.259 1.086
1.147 0.800
0.613 1.5
4.476 4.720
3.321 2.551
2.202 2.324
1.627 1.247
1.081 1.142
0.795 0.607
1.6 4.460
4.703 3.305
2.535 2.194
2.316 1.620
1.240 1.077
1.138 0.791
0.603 1.7
4.448 4.691
3.293 2.523
2.189 2.310
1.614 1.234
1.074 1.135
0.789 0.601
1.8 4.438
4.680 3.284
2.515 2.184
2.305 1.610
1.230 1.072
1.132 0.786
0.599 1.9
4.430 4.672
3.277 2.508
2.180 2.300
1.607 1.227
1.070 1.130
0.785 0.597
2 4.422
4.664 3.270
2.502 2.176
2.296 1.603
1.224 1.068
1.128 0.783
0.596 ▪
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▪ 50
2.229 2.351
1.648 1.261
1.097 1.158
0.808 0.617
0.538 0.569
0.395 0.300
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200 0.263
0.277 0.194
0.148 0.129
0.136 0.095
0.073 0.063
0.067 0.046
0.035 200.1
0.262 0.276
0.194 0.148
0.129 0.136
0.095 0.073
0.063 0.067
0.046 0.035
200.2 0.262
0.276 0.194
0.148 0.129
0.136 0.095
0.072 0.063
0.067 0.046
0.035 200.3
0.261 0.276
0.193 0.148
0.129 0.136
0.095 0.072
0.063 0.067
0.046 0.035
200.4 0.261
0.275 0.193
0.148 0.128
0.136 0.095
0.072 0.063
0.067 0.046
0.035 200.5
0.261 0.275
0.193 0.147
0.128 0.135
0.094 0.072
0.063 0.067
0.046 0.035
200.6 0.260
0.275 0.192
0.147 0.128
0.135 0.094
0.072 0.063
0.066 0.046
0.035 200.7
0.260 0.274
0.192 0.147
0.128 0.135
0.094 0.072
0.063 0.066
0.046 0.035
200.8 0.260
0.274 0.192
0.147 0.128
0.135 0.094
0.072 0.063
0.066 0.046
0.035 200.9
0.259 0.273
0.192 0.147
0.128 0.135
0.094 0.072
0.063 0.066
0.046 0.035
201 0.259
0.273 0.191
0.146 0.127
0.134 0.094
0.072 0.063
0.066 0.046
0.035
t µs Vi kV
Menara 79 Menara 80
l 1,5 m
l 4 m
l 8 m
l 12 m
l 1,5 m
l 4 m
l 8 m
l 12 m
0.0000 0.0000
0.0000 0.0000
0.0000 0.0000
0.0000 0.0000
0.1 3.0227
3.0515 2.8893
2.8006 1.5249
1.5409 1.4513
1.4025 0.2
4.3537 4.4124
4.2257 4.1559
2.1821 2.2058
2.1087 2.0678
0.3 1.5002
1.5638 1.5126
1.5554 0.7527
0.6780 0.7549
0.7733 0.4
1.1171 1.1702
1.0806 1.0820
0.5587 0.4522
0.5379 0.5368
0.5 0.8914
0.9364 0.8170
0.7853 0.4443
0.3179 0.4056
0.3887 0.6
0.7523 0.7920
0.6525 0.5982
0.3738 0.2350
0.3230 0.2953
0.7 0.6666
0.7028 0.5505
0.4815 0.3304
0.1840 0.2718
0.2372 0.8
0.6137 0.6477
0.4874 0.4091
0.3036 0.1526
0.2402 0.2011
0.9 0.5809
0.6135 0.4483
0.3643 0.2870
0.1332 0.2205
0.1787 1
0.5605 0.5922
0.4241 0.3365
0.2766 0.1213
0.2084 0.1649
1.1 0.5476
0.5788 0.4089
0.3193 0.2701
0.1139 0.2008
0.1563 1.2
0.5395 0.5703
0.3994 0.3085
0.2660 0.1093
0.1960 0.1509
1.3 0.5342
0.5647 0.3934
0.3018 0.2633
0.1064 0.1930
0.1476 1.4
0.5306 0.5610
0.3895 0.2975
0.2615 0.1045
0.1910 0.1454
1.5 0.5281
0.5584 0.3868
0.2947 0.2603
0.1034 0.1897
0.1440 1.6
0.5263 0.5565
0.3850 0.2928
0.2594 0.1026
0.1888 0.1431
1.7 0.5249
0.5551 0.3809
0.2914 0.2587
0.1021 0.1882
0.1424 1.8
0.5238 0.5538
0.3827 0.2905
0.2581 0.1017
0.1877 0.1420
1.9 0.7657
0.5528 0.3818
0.2897 0.2576
0.1014 0.1872
0.1416 2
0.5219 0.5519
0.3811 0.2891
0.2572 0.1011
0.1869 0.1413
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50 0.2631
0.2782 0.1921
0.1456 0.1296
0.0509 0.0942
0.0712 ▪
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▪ 200
0.0310 0.0328
0.0226 0.0172
0.0153 0.0060
0.0111 0.0084
200.1 0.0309
0.0327 0.0226
0.0171 0.0152
0.0060 0.0111
0.0084 200.2
0.0309 0.0327
0.0226 0.0171
0.0152 0.0060
0.0111 0.0084
200.3 0.0309
0.0326 0.0225
0.0171 0.0152
0.0060 0.0110
0.0083 200.4
0.0308 0.0326
0.0225 0.0171
0.0152 0.0060
0.0110 0.0083
200.5 0.0308
0.0325 0.0225
0.0170 0.0152
0.0060 0.0110
0.0083 200.6
0.0307 0.0325
0.0224 0.0170
0.0151 0.0059
0.0110 0.0083
200.7 0.0307
0.0324 0.0224
0.0170 0.0151
0.0059 0.0110
0.0083
200.8 0.0306
0.0324 0.0224
0.0170 0.0151
0.0059 0.0110
0.0083 200.9
0.0306 0.0323
0.0223 0.0169
0.0151 0.0059
0.0110 0.0083
201 0.0305
0.0323 0.0223
0.0169 0.0151
0.0059 0.0109
0.0083
Dari Tabel 4.14 diatas dapat dilihat bentuk gambar grafik berbagai panjang elektroda pembumian menara sebagai fungsi waktu terhadap tegangan isolator
menara seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam gambar grafik dibawah ini.
Gambar 4.1 Grafik t vs Vi dengan l = 1,5 meter
500 1000
1500 2000
2500 3000
.2 .4
.6 .8
1 1
.2 1
.4 1
.6 1
.8 2
2 2
.2 2
.4 2
.6 2
.8 2
1
V i
k V
t mikro detik
Menara 70 Menara 71
Menara 72 Menara 73
Menara 74 Menara 75
Menara 76 Menara 77
Menara 78 Menara 79
Menara 80
Gambar 4.2 Grafik t vs Vi dengan l = 4 meter
500 1000
1500 2000
2500 3000
V i
k V
t mikro detik
Menara 70
Menara 71
Menara 72
Menara 73
Menara 74
Menara 75
Menara 76
Menara 77
Menara 78
Menara 79
Menara 80
Gambar 4.3 Grafik t vs Vi dengan l = 8 meter
500 1000
1500 2000
2500 3000
V i
k V
t mikrodetik
Menara 70
Menara 71
Menara 72
Menara 73
Menara 74
Menara 75
Menara 76
Menara 77
Menara 78
Menara 79
Menara 80
Gambar 4.4 Grafik t vs Vi dengan l = 12 meter
500 1000
1500 2000
2500 3000
V i
k V
t mikrodetik
Menara 70
Menara 71
Menara 72
Menara 73
Menara 74
Menara 75
Menara 76
Menara 77
Menara 78
Menara 79
Menara 80
IV.4.2. Perhitungan Tegangan Isolator Menara untuk Berbagai Jarak Pemisah
antar Elektroda Pembumian
Pada Tabel 4.15 ditunjukkan hasil perhitungan tegangan isolator menara untuk impedansi surja pembumian berbagai jarak pemisah antar elektroda
pembumian dalam Tabel 4.3 dan ditampilkan kurva masing-masing tegangan isolator
menara. Tabel 4.15
Tegangan isolator menara untuk berbagai jarak pemisah antar elektroda pembumian
t µs Vi kV
Menara 70 Menara 71
Menara 72 s 6 m
s 7 m s 8 m
s 9 m s 6 m
s 7 m s 8 m
s 9 m s 6
m s 7
m s 8
m s 9
m
0.1 1800.70
1793.49 1787.20
1781.61 878.79
873.00 867.97
863.53 437.13
433.15 429.70
426.65 0.2
2616.18 2619.52
2641.05 2671.54
1847.44 1270.19
1261.36 1253.54
636.59 629.93
624.16 619.07
0.3 892.78
924.77 942.25
997.51 488.91
436.43 421.51
408.32 225.43
216.50 208.79
201.99 0.4
669.98 694.12
674.90 695.40
347.02 327.98
311.41 296.77
172.32 162.63
154.26 146.90
0.5 539.50
557.30 511.82
505.93 284.31
264.37 246.87
231.42 141.12
131.02 122.29
114.60 0.6
459.29 472.75
410.03 386.39
245.88 225.23
207.19 191.26
121.91 111.56
102.62 94.76
0.7 409.87
420.52 346.87
311.83 222.18
201.10 182.75
166.53 110.06
99.57 90.51
82.54 0.8
379.35 388.22
307.77 265.56
207.52 186.20
167.66 151.29
102.73 92.16
83.03 75.01
0.9 360.43
368.19 283.56
236.90 198.42
176.96 158.32
141.86 98.18
87.57 78.41
70.35 1
348.63 355.70
268.53 219.15
192.73 171.20
152.51 136.00
95.34 84.71
75.52 67.45
1.1 341.20
347.84 259.16
208.13 189.13
167.57 148.86
132.33 93.54
82.90 73.72
65.64 1.2
336.46 342.83
253.27 201.25
186.82 165.25
146.54 130.01
92.39 81.75
72.57 64.49
1.3 333.37
339.57 249.52
196.92 185.30
163.74 145.04
128.51 91.63
81.00 71.82
63.75 1.4
331.29 337.38
247.08 194.15
184.27 162.73
144.04 127.53
91.12 80.50
71.33 63.26
1.5 329.83
335.86 245.45
192.35 183.54
162.01 143.34
126.85 90.75
80.14 70.98
62.93 1.6
328.76 334.74
244.31 191.14
182.98 161.49
142.84 126.37
90.48 79.88
70.73 62.69
1.7 327.92
333.87 243.48
190.29 182.55
161.07 142.45
126.00 90.26
79.68 70.54
62.51 1.8
327.22 333.15
242.84 189.67
182.18 160.73
142.13 125.71
90.08 79.51
70.38 62.36
1.9 326.62
332.52 242.31
189.18 181.85
160.44 141.86
125.46 90.02
79.36 70.25
62.24 2
326.06 331.96
241.86 188.78
181.55 160.17
141.62 125.24
89.76 79.23
70.13 62.13
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50 164.382
167.351 121.890
95.103 91.532
80.746 71.391
63.128 45.256
39.941 35.353
31.318 ▪
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▪ 200
19.360 19.709
14.355 11.200
10.780 9.510
8.408 7.435
5.330 4.704
4.164 3.688
200.1 19.332
19.681 14.335
11.185 10.765
9.496 8.396
7.424 5.322
4.697 4.158
3.683 200.2
19.305 19.653
14.314 11.169
10.749 9.483
8.384 7.414
5.315 4.691
4.152 3.678
200.3 19.277
19.625 14.294
11.153 10.734
9.469 8.372
7.403 5.307
4.684 4.146
3.673 200.4
19.250 19.597
14.274 11.137
10.719 9.456
8.360 7.392
5.300 4.677
4.140 3.667
200.5 19.222
19.569 14.253
11.121 10.703
9.442 8.348
7.382 5.292
4.671 4.134
3.662 200.6
19.195 19.541
14.233 11.105
10.688 9.429
8.336 7.371
5.285 4.664
4.128 3.657
200.7 19.167
19.514 14.213
11.089 10.673
9.415 8.324
7.361 5.277
4.657 4.122
3.652 200.8
19.140 19.486
14.192 11.073
10.658 9.402
8.313 7.350
5.269 4.651
4.116 3.647
200.9 19.113
19.458 14.172
11.058 10.642
9.388 8.301
7.340 5.262
4.644 4.110
3.641 201
19.086 19.430
14.152 11.042
10.627 9.375
8.289 7.329
5.254 4.637
4.105 3.636
t µs Vi kV
Menara 73 Menara 74
Menara 75 s 6 m
s 7 m s 8 m
s 9 m s 6 m
s 7 m s 8 m
s 9 m s 6 m
s 7 m
s 8 m
s 9 m
0.1 216.921
211.464 211.464
209.239 106.459
104.610 103.018
101.621 50.337
49.208 48.241
47.395 0.2
313.105 304.217
304.217 300.595
153.794 150.875
148.364 146.163
73.542 71.770
70.252 68.926
0.3 104.629
91.673 91.673
86.383 52.594
49.267 46.414
43.920 23.784
21.798 20.102
18.625 0.4
77.168 62.561
62.561 56.597
39.386 35.756
32.646 29.928
17.289 15.112
13.255 11.638
0.5 61.071
45.480 45.480
39.114 31.646
27.836 24.572
21.722 13.487
11.196 9.241
7.539 0.6
51.179 34.995
34.995 28.387
26.887 22.970
19.615 16.685
11.151 8.791
6.777 5.025
0.7 45.088
28.550 28.550
21.798 23.955
19.975 16.566
13.589 9.713
7.312 5.264
3.482 0.8
41.329 24.584
24.584 17.748
22.145 18.128
14.688 11.684
8.826 6.402
4.333 2.534
0.9 39.002
22.139 22.139
15.255 21.023
16.986 13.528
10.510 8.278
5.840 3.760
1.951 1
37.554 20.628
20.628 13.718
20.323 16.276
12.810 9.785
7.937 5.492
3.407 1.593
1.1 36.645
19.690 19.690
12.768 19.883
15.832 12.363
9.334 7.723
5.276 3.189
1.372 1.2
36.068 19.105
19.105 12.179
19.602 15.551
12.082 9.053
7.588 5.141
3.053 1.236
1.3 35.694
18.735 18.735
11.811 19.419
15.370 11.903
8.876 7.501
5.055 2.968
1.152 1.4
35.445 18.498
18.498 11.579
19.296 15.251
11.786 8.762
7.444 5.000
2.914 1.100
1.5 35.273
18.342 18.342
11.430 19.211
15.169 11.709
8.688 7.405
4.963 2.880
1.068 1.6
35.149 18.237
18.237 11.332
19.147 15.111
11.655 8.637
7.376 4.938
2.857 1.047
1.7 35.053
18.162 18.162
11.266 19.098
15.067 11.615
8.601 7.355
4.919 2.842
1.034 1.8
34.975 18.106
18.106 11.220
19.057 15.031
11.584 8.575
7.338 4.906
2.831 1.025
1.9 34.907
18.062 18.062
11.185 19.022
15.001 11.559
8.554 7.323
4.894 2.822
1.019 2
34.847 18.025
18.025 11.158
18.990 14.975
11.537 8.536
7.311 4.885
2.816 1.015
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50 17.567
9.082 9.082
5.618 9.573
7.548 5.815
4.301 3.685
2.462 1.418
0.510 ▪
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▪ 200
2.069 1.070
1.070 0.662
1.127 0.889
0.685 0.507
0.434 0.290
0.167 0.060
200.1 2.066
1.068 1.068
0.661 1.126
0.888 0.684
0.506 0.433
0.289 0.167
0.060 200.2
2.063 1.067
1.067 0.660
1.124 0.886
0.683 0.505
0.433 0.289
0.167 0.060
200.3 2.060
1.065 1.065
0.659 1.123
0.885 0.682
0.504 0.432
0.289 0.166
0.060 200.4
2.057 1.064
1.064 0.658
1.121 0.884
0.681 0.504
0.432 0.288
0.166 0.060
200.5 2.054
1.062 1.062
0.657 1.119
0.883 0.680
0.503 0.431
0.288 0.166
0.060 200.6
2.051 1.061
1.061 0.656
1.118 0.881
0.679 0.502
0.430 0.287
0.166 0.060
200.7 2.048
1.059 1.059
0.655 1.116
0.880 0.678
0.501 0.430
0.287 0.165
0.059 200.8
2.045 1.057
1.057 0.654
1.115 0.879
0.677 0.501
0.429 0.287
0.165 0.059
200.9 2.042
1.056 1.056
0.653 1.113
0.878 0.676
0.500 0.428
0.286 0.165
0.059 201
2.040 1.054
1.054 0.652
1.112 0.876
0.675 0.499
0.428 0.286
0.165 0.059
t µs Vi kV
Menara 76 Menara 77
Menara 78 s 6 m
s 7 m
s 8 m
s 9 m s 6 m
s 7 m
s 8 m
s 9 m s 6 m
s 7 m
s 8 m
s 9 m
0.1 26.527
25.820 25.216
24.690 12.478
11.874 11.803
11.534 6.262
5.936 5.881
5.729 0.2
37.620 36.545
35.627 34.829
18.065 17.367
17.044 16.636
8.985 8.503
8.411 8.183
0.3 12.567
11.574 10.733
10.006 6.401
5.929 5.696
5.420 3.078
2.783 2.640
2.468 0.4
9.163 8.110
7.220 6.452
4.883 4.453
4.194 3.924
2.298 2.015
1.852 1.678
0.5 7.163
6.074 5.154
4.361 3.991
3.588 3.312
3.047 1.840
1.563 1.390
1.214 0.6
5.934 4.824
3.886 3.078
3.442 3.056
2.770 2.508
1.559 1.286
1.106 0.929
0.7 5.177
4.054 3.107
2.290 3.103
2.728 2.436
2.177 1.386
1.116 0.932
0.754 0.8
4.711 3.581
2.627 1.806
2.894 2.525
2.230 1.972
1.279 1.010
0.824 0.646
0.9 4.422
3.288 2.332
1.508 2.764
2.400 2.102
1.846 1.213
0.945 0.758
0.580 1
4.243 3.107
2.150 1.325
2.683 2.321
2.023 1.767
1.171 0.905
0.717 0.539
1.1 4.130
2.995 2.037
1.212 2.631
2.272 1.973
1.718 1.145
0.880 0.691
0.513 1.2
4.059 2.924
1.966 1.142
2.598 2.240
1.942 1.687
1.129 0.864
0.675 0.497
