PT BANK MANDIRI PERSERO Tbk. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
31 DECEMBER 2011 AND 2010
Expressed in millions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated
Appendix 524 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES continued
c. Financial instruments continued G. Allowance for impairment losses of financial assets
a Financial assets carried at amortised cost The Group assesses at each reporting date whether there is objective evidence that a
financial asset or group of financial assets is impaired. A financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired and impairment losses are incurred only if there is objective
evidence of impairment as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the asset a “loss event” and that loss event or events has an impact on the
estimated future cash flows of the financial asset or group of financial assets that can be reliably estimated.
The criteria that the Group uses to determine that there is objective evidence of impairment loss include:
1. significant financial difficulty of the issuer or obligor; 2. a breach of contract, such as a default or delinquency in interest or principal payments;
3. the lender, for economic or legal reasons relating to the borrower’s financial difficulty, granting to the borrower a concession that the lender would not otherwise consider;
4. probability that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganisation; 5. the disappearance of an active market for that financial asset because of financial
difficulties; or 6. observable data indicating that there is a measurable decrease in the estimation.
The Group has determined specific objective evidence of an impairment loss for loans including:
1. Loans classified as Sub-standard, Doubtful and Loss non performing loans in accordance with Bank Indonesia regulation refer to Note 2c.G. d.
2. All restructured loans. The Group initially assesses whether objective evidence of impairment for financial asset
exists as described above. The individual assessment is performed on the individually significant impaired financial asset, using discounted cash flows method. The insignificant
impaired financial assets and non-impaired financial assets are included in group of financial asset with similar credit risk characteristics and collectively assessed.
If the Group assesses that there is no objective evidence of impairment for financial asset assessed individually, both for significant and insignificant amount, hence the account of
financial asset will be included in a group of financial asset with similar credit risk characteristics and collectively assesses them for impairment. Accounts that are individually
assessed for impairment and for which an impairment loss is or continues to be recognised are not included in a collective assessment of impairment.
In evaluating impairment for loans, the Bank determines loan portfolio into these three categories:
1. Loans which individually have significant value and if impairment occurred will have material impact to the consolidated financial statements, i.e. loans with Gross Annual
Sales GAS Corporate and Commercial, as well as loans with GAS outside Corporate and Commercial with outstanding balance more than Rp5,000;
2. Loans which individually have no significant value, i.e. loans with GAS Business, Micro and Consumer with outstanding balance is less or equal to Rp5,000; and
3. Restructured loans.
PT BANK MANDIRI PERSERO Tbk. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
31 DECEMBER 2011 AND 2010
Expressed in millions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated
Appendix 525 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES continued
c. Financial instruments continued G. Allowance for impairment losses of financial assets continued
a Financial assets carried at amortised cost continued Bank determines loans to be evaluated for impairment through individual evaluation if one of
the following condition is met: 1. Loans which individually have significant value and objective evidence of impairment; or
2. Restructured loans which individually have significant value. Bank determines loans to be evaluated for impairment through collective evaluation if one of
the following condition is met: 1. Loans which individually have significant value and there are no objective evidence of
impairment; or 2. Loans which individually have insignificant value; or
3. Restructured loan which individually have insignificant value. Individual impairment calculation
The amount of the loss is measured as the difference between the financial asset’s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows excluding future impairment
losses that have not been incurred discounted at the financial asset’s original effective interest rate. The carrying amount of the asset is reduced through the allowance for
impairment losses account and the amount of the loss is recognised in the consolidated statement of income. If a loan or held-to-maturity financial assets has a variable interest
rate, the discount rate for measuring any impairment loss is the current effective interest rate determined under the contract.
The calculation of the present value of the estimated future cash flows of a collateralised financial asset reflects the cash flows that may result from foreclosure less costs for
obtaining and selling the collateral, whether or not foreclosure is probable.
The Bank uses a fair value of collateral method as a basis for future cash flow if, one of the following conditions is met:
1. Loans are collateral dependent, i.e. if source of loans repayment comes only from the collateral; or
2. Foreclosure of collateral is most likely to occur and supported with legal binding aspect. Collective impairment calculation
For the purpose of a collective evaluation of impairment, financial asset are grouped on the basis of similar credit risk characteristics such by considering credit segmentation and past-
due status. Those characteristics are relevant to the estimation of future cash flows for groups of such assets which indicate debtors or counterparties’ ability to pay all amounts
due according to the contractual terms of the assets being evaluated.
