Financial instruments continued E. Classes of financial instrument continued

PT BANK MANDIRI PERSERO Tbk. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 DECEMBER 2011 AND 2010 Expressed in millions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated Appendix 526 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES continued

c. Financial instruments continued G. Allowance for impairment losses of financial assets continued

a Financial assets carried at amortised cost continued Future cash flows in a group of financial assets that are collectively evaluated for impairment are estimated on the basis of historical loss experience for assets with credit risk characteristics similar to those in the Bank. Historical loss experience is adjusted on the basis of current observable data to reflect the effects of current conditions that did not affect the period on which the historical loss experience is based and to remove the effects of conditions in the historical period that do not currently exist. The Group uses statistical model analysis methods, namely roll rates analysis method and migration analysis method for financial assets impairment which collectively assessed, using at the minimum of 3 three years historical data. In migration analysis method, management determines 12 months as the estimated and identification period between a loss occuring for each identified portfolio, except for Micro banking segment in which the loss identification period used 9 months. When a loan is uncollectible, it is written off against the related allowance for loan impairment. Such loans are written off after all the necessary procedures have been completed and the amount of the loss has been determined. Impairment charges relating to loans and marketable securities in held-to-maturity and loans and receivables categories are classified into “Allowance for impairment losses”. If in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment was recognised such as an improvement in the debtor’s credit rating, the previously recognised impairment loss is reversed by adjusting the allowance account. The amount of the impairment reversal is recognised in the consolidated statement of income. Subsequent recoveries of loans written off in the current year are credited to the allowance account. Subsequent recoveries of loans written off in previous year, are recognised as other non- operating income. b Financial assets classified as available for sale The Group assesses at each date of the consolidated balance sheet whether there is objective evidence that a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. Refer to Note 2c.G.a for the criteria of objective evidence of impairment. In the case of debt instruments classified as available for sale, a significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of the security below its cost is objective evidence of impairment resulting in the recognition of an impairment loss. If any such evidence exists for available for sale financial assets, the cumulative loss – measured as the difference between the acquisition cost and the current fair value, less any impairment loss on that financial asset previously recognised in consolidated statements of income – is removed from equity and recognised in the consolidated statement of income. PT BANK MANDIRI PERSERO Tbk. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 DECEMBER 2011 AND 2010 Expressed in millions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated Appendix 527 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES continued

c. Financial instruments continued G. Allowance for impairment losses of financial assets continued