Deposits from Other Banks
PT BANK MANDIRI PERSERO Tbk. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
31 DECEMBER 2011 AND 2010
Expressed in millions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated
Appendix 545 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES continued
ae. Temporary Syirkah Funds
Temporary syirkah funds represent investment received by Subsidiary PT Bank Syariah Mandiri. The Subsidiary has the right to manage and invest funds in accordance with either the Subsidiary’s
policy or restriction set by the depositors with the agreed profit sharing.
Temporary syirkah funds cannot be classified as liability. This is due to the Subsidiary does not have any liability to return the fund to the owners, except for losses due to the Subsidiary’s management
negligence or misrepresentation. On the other hand, temporary syirkah funds also cannot be classified as equity, because of the existence of maturity period and the depositors do not have the
same rights as the shareholders, such as voting rights and the rights of realized gain from current asset and other non-investment accounts.
The owner of temporary syirkah funds receive parts of profit in accordance with the agreement and receive loss based on the proportion to the total funds. The profit distribution of temporary syirkah
funds might be based on profit sharing or revenue sharing concept.
af. Interest and Sharia Income and Expense
i Conventional Interest income and expense for all interest-bearing financial instruments are recognised within
“interest income” and “interest expense” in the consolidated statement of income using the effective interest method.
The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial asset or a financial liability and of allocating the interest income or interest expense over the relevant
period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments or receipts through the expected life of the financial instrument or, when appropriate,
a shorter period to the net carrying amount of the financial asset or financial liability. When calculating the effective interest rate, the Group estimates cash flows considering all contractual
terms of the financial instrument but does not consider future credit losses. The calculation includes all fees, commissions and other fees received between parties to the contract that are
an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and all other premiums or discounts.
Once a financial asset or a group of similar financial assets has been written down as a result of an impairment loss, interest income is recognised on the non-impaired portion of the impaired
financial assets using the rate of interest used to discount the future cash flows for the purpose of measuring the impairment loss.
ii Sharia income Included in interest income and expense are sharia income and expense. The Subsidiariess
income as a fund manager mudharib consists of income from murabahah and istishna transactions, income from ijarah leasing, income from profit sharing of mudharabah and
musyarakah financing and other main operating income.
PT BANK MANDIRI PERSERO Tbk. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
31 DECEMBER 2011 AND 2010
Expressed in millions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated
Appendix 546 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES continued
af. Interest and Sharia Income and Expense continued
ii Sharia income continued Murabahah income by deferred payment or by installment is recognised during the period of the
contract based on the level of risk and the effort to realise the income. The methods implemented by Subsidiary are as follows:
1 Effective method annuity based on the period of contracts:
a. For Murabahah with deferred payment within 1 one year
b. For Murabahah with deferred payment of more than 1 one year, where the risk of
collection of the receivables bad debts andor administration expense to collect receivables are relatively small.
2 Term proportional method in accordance with the contract for Murabahah with the deferred payment more than 1 one year where the risk of collection of the receivables bad debts
andor the administration expenses to collect receivables are relatively high. Subsidiary determine risk policy based on the internal requirement. Subsidiary ceases the
amortisation of deferred income when the financing were classified as non performing. Income from Istishna is recognised using the percentage of completion or full completion
method. Income from Ijarah is recognised proportionally during the contract period.
Profit sharing for passive partner in Musyarakah is recognized in the period when the right arise in accordance with the agreed sharing ratio.
Profit sharing income from Mudharabah is recognized in the period when the right arise in accordance with agreed sharing ratio and the recognition based on projection of income is not
allowed.
iii Third Parties’ Share on Return of Temporary Syirkah Funds Third parties’ share on the return of temporary syirkah funds represent fund owners’ share of the
profit of Subsidiary derived from managing of such funds under Mudharabah Mutlaqah, Mudharabah Muqayyadah and Mudharabah Musytarakah principles. The profit sharing is
determined on a cash basis.
Distribution of profit sharing is based on profit sharing principle which calculated from the Subsidiary’s gross profit margin.
Margin income and profit sharing on financing facilities and other earning assets are distributed to fund owners and the Subsidiary based on proportion of fund used in the financing and other
earning assets. Margin income and profit sharing income allocated to the fund owners are then distributed to fund owners as shahibul maal and the Subsidiary as mudharib based on a
predetermined ratio. Margin income and profit sharing from financing facilities and other earning assets using the Subsidiary’s funds, are entirely shared for the Subsidiary, including income
from the Subsidiary’s fee-based transactions.