B. Approach of the Study
According to Guerin in the book entitled A Handbook of Critical Approaches, biographical approach sees the literary works chiefly, if not
exclusively, he mentioned that to sees a literary works with biographical approach is to see the works
as a reflection of its author’s life and times or the life and times of the characters in the works 2011:44. Biographical approach used for finding
the relation between the works and the author’s life. Actually, poets have, from earliest times, been historians. the interpreters of contemporary culture, and the
prophets of their people. It shows that poets concern themselves with social themes Guerin, 2011:45.
For this case Basho concerned about the situation of Japanese people and saw the true condition of Japan, as he saw and wrote about the prostitutes. It
seems reasonable, then, to employ biographical analyses among other methods such as textual study and recognition of genre in getting at the meaning of a
literary work when the work seems to call for them. Guerin, 2011:61. In brief, the focus of biographical approach, is upon the life, times, and environment of the
author andor the literary characters.
C. Method of the Study
This study is a study of library research base. It means all sources and activities of the study are based on text analysis. The first step of analysis is
explicating the poems, identifying the imageries and metaphors of Basho’s Haiku.
The writer explained the meaning of the imageries and metaphors of Basho’s
Haiku with the theory of imagery and the theory of metaphor. The theory of
imagery and metaphors are employed to gain the meaning of Basho’s Haiku.
The second step is examining the metaphors and imageries through the perspective of Zen philosophy. The second step was the step of analysis which
was meant to reveal the Zen message of the imageries and metaphors.
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