36
Table 3.3 Points of interview
No. POINTS 1.
2. Students’ opinion about the given task in general
Students’ opinion about the possible causes of their problems a.
semantic content of pronouns b.
distance c.
syntactic functions d.
semantic complexity e.
potential antecedents f.
vocabulary
3. Observation
Observation is used in order to know how people act or how things look Fraenkel and Wallen, 1993. The writer carried out two observations in class
D and class F at SMP Negeri 1 Bantul on January 16
th
, 2010. The observations were conducted in order to understand the students’ real behaviors in
performing the comprehension task in class. Particularly, the writer observed the students’ reading comprehension activities in order to analyze the possible
causes of the students’ problems in comprehending pronouns in narrative texts. The results of the observations were attached in appendix D.
D. Data Gathering Technique
As stated before, this study employed three research instruments. The instruments were comprehension tasks, observations, and interviews. The writer
used the comprehension tasks during the English lesson meeting on Saturday, January 16
th
, 2010. These comprehension tasks were used during English lesson meetings in class D and class F. The total participants of the comprehension tasks
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
37 were sixty-three eighth grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Bantul. The time
allocation provided by the writer to perform the comprehension task was eighty minutes in each meeting. These comprehension tasks were carried out to collect
data to answer the first and second research problems. To support the data, the writer also conducted two observations in two
different classes. These observations were carried out when the students were performing their comprehension tasks in class. Both observations were conducted
on Saturday, January 16
th
, 2010 at different time. The writer conducted the first observation in class D at 7.30 a.m. to 9.00 a.m. Then, the second observation in
class F was at 9.45 a.m. to 11.15 a.m. The results from these observations support the data to answer the third research problem.
Besides administering comprehension tasks and conducting observations, the writer also carried out interviews. These interviews aimed to get the
information of the students’ opinions in the given tasks and also the possible causes of the problems experienced by the students in comprehending pronouns in
narrative texts see appendix C. In this interview, the writer asked some questions, such as what determine the students’ preference to certain pronouns,
why certain task item caused problems to the students, and so on. The interviews were only conducted with ten
eighth grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Bantul. The other participants were not willing to have interviews with the writer because they
already had activities after school time. These interviews were performed on Saturday, January 16
th
, 2010. The writer conducted the interviews after the school time. The interviews were carried out to address the third research problem.
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
38
E. Data Analysis Technique
