25 extent to which the values of the two variables or factors are related or changed in
an identifiable pattern. The researcher also conducted a survey study to gather data. Survey study
would like to ask the large numbers of people questions about their behaviors, attitudes and opinions Marczyk, DeMatteo, and Festinger, 2005. Survey study
attempted to find relationships between the characteristics of respondents and their reported behaviors and opinions. One of the characteristics of respondents here was
to write an argumentative essay. The reported behavior here was the use of self- management ability to accomplish the writing of an argumentative essay. The data
were taken by using the questionnaires and also the scores they achieved when writing an argumentative essay. These instruments would help the researcher to
answer the research problem and calculate the data correctly.
3.2. Research Setting
This research was conducted in CRW II class of English Language Education Study Program in Sanata Dharma University. The researcher chose CRW
II class because the students had been familiar with an essay which was introduced in CRW I class. These classes also provided the information that the researcher
needed to complete the research. The researcher wanted to know the relationship of self-management ability and the students
’ ability on writing an argumentative essay which is offered in CRW II class.
26
3.3. Research Population and Sample
In conducting a correlational research, the researcher used a population to
be involved in the survey. Population is the entire group of people that the
researcher desires to learn about Stangor, 2007. According to Singh 2007, population is a group of individuals, objects, or items from among which samples
are taken for measurement. The population of this research was the students of English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University batch
2014. It meant that all of the students of English Language Education Study Program who were taking CRW II class had an opportunity to be the participants
of this research. In this study, the researcher only investigated CRW II class because the
researcher used simple random sampling. According to Cohen et al 2007 simple rando
m sampling is as “a sample which each member of the population under study has an equal chance of being selected and the probability of a member of the
population being selected is unaffected by the selection of other members of the population p. 110. The researcher chose simple random sampling because the
researcher wanted to generalize the result of this research. The researcher also wanted to say that the data found in this research were valid when the respondents
in this survey were more than 30 of the population in English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University batch 2014. The classes had the
possibility to be investigated and answer the research problem. In this research, there were two variables. Those variables were dependent
and independent variables. The independent variable was the degree of self- PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
27 management ability that might be related to the dependent variable, which referred
to students’ score on writing an argumentative essay. These variables helped the researcher to analyze and hypothesize the data effectively.
3.4. Generalization of the Result of Study
This research used quantitative research to generalize the result of study. Quantitative research is
“a means for testing objective theories by examining the relationship among variables
” Creswell, 2009, p. 4. In this study, the researcher used inferential statistic to find out the correlation between the degrees of self-
management ability and the students’ ability on writing an argumentative essay. The data would be analyzed by using Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The
result of Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient r was used to test the significance between the degrees of self-
management ability and the students’ ability on writing an argumentative essay. The result of sample in this research
would be used to generalize the CRW II class that self-management ability was significant to enhance
the students’ ability on writing an argumentative essay. Drawing the generalization of research was the key of quantitative research. If the
p-value were less than 0.05, the data were called “statistically significant” and it
was a good thing for the conclusion for this study Vickers, 2010. The more random sample is, the data taken were able to be generalized and considered as
valid. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
28
3.5. Data Gathering Technique
Gathering the data would help the researcher to answer the research problem. The researcher used the questionnaires
and the students’ CRW scores on writing an argumentative essay. The researcher asked
the students’ CRW scores on writing an argumentative essay to the lecturers as the confidential document. The
scores would be used to identify the students’ ability on writing an argumentative
essay. The questionnaires were designed to assess
the students’ motivation based on the indexes of motivation by Schunk et al. and time management based on the
time management matrix by Covey as the strategies used to measure self- management ability. The complete questions would be provided in the appendix.
The instrument would be collaborated with some appropriate statements to make it clearer to the respondents. The questionnaires in this research consisted of 15
questions related to the students’ experience while performing the task on writing
an argumentative essay. There were some steps of gathering data technique that were done by the
researcher. First, the researcher asked the permission to the lecturer to conduct a survey research in the class. The permission was in the form of formal or informal.
Then, the researcher also asked the permission to the students of conducting a research. The researcher announced to the students that they were free to choose
whether they wanted to be the participant in this research or not. The next step was distributing the questionnaires to the students and asking them to complete the
questionnaires. Based on the data, the researcher would be able to define the degrees PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
