female characters reached 195 60.2, whereas the number of male characters touched 169 39.8. The difference was obvious, which was 20.4 26
characters. It was the same as in each unit. The smallest difference was 9.8 8 characters, emerged in Unit 12. Then, the biggest difference was 31 34
characters, occurred in Unit 7. Surprisingly, the number of female characters in Unit 7 was almost the double of male‟s number.
Generally, the data in Book A and Book B show that one character has higher number than another in each chapter and as a whole. Book A shows male
characters having higher numbers, meaning that male characters appear more than females. Since the differences are still tolerable, it means that female and male
occurrences upon name, pronoun, and picture are almost equal. Then, in Book B, the trend is the inverse of the trend in Book A, meaning that female characters
have higher numbers in each unit. However, the difference in Book B cannot be articulated the same as in Book A. Book B presents that the difference was
obvious, meaning that female characters appear frequently. EH also shows interesting results as well as ERC. Table 4.3 presents the
number of female and male characters in Book C and D or under the title EH.
Table 4.3: The Number of Female and Male Characters in EH Book
Unit Female
Male Total
Numbers Percentage Numbers Percentage C
1 76
43.4 99
56.6 175
4 104
51.7 97
48.3 201
Total C 180
47.9 196
52.1 376
D
4 101
50 101
50 202
6 82
44.6 102
55.4 184
Total D 183
47.4 203
52.6 386
Total EH 363
47.6 399
52.4 762
Table 4.4 shows that the number of female and male characters in EH almost seems equal, the same as in ERC in general. The number of female
characters was 363 47.6, less than male‟s. Meanwhile, the male characters had
399 52.4 occurrences. To discern a vivid comparison in every unit in each textbook, Figure 4.2 illustrates the difference in percentage.
Figure 4.2: The Comparison of Female and Male Numbers in EH
Figure 4.2 confirms that the numbers of female and male characters in both in Book C and D are almost equal. The height of all charts did not touch 60. In
addition, the differences of both textbooks were not high. Book C had 4.2 16 characters in difference, while Book D had 5.2 20 characters.
Figure 4.3 also points out that Unit 4d has an interesting result. In this case, the numbers of female and male characters in one unit were the same. The
number of female character was 101 as well as the number of male characters. Thus, the ratio of female and male in this unit was 1: 1.
Overall, both books demonstrate the same trend, showing that male characters have higher numbers. However, the difference is still tolerable, which
is 4.8 36 characters. It can be concluded that the occurrences of female and male characters were almost the same.
43,4 51,7
47,9 50
44,6 47,4
47,6 56,6
48,3 52,1
50 55,4
52,6 52,4
10 20
30 40
50 60
Unit 1 Unit 4c Total C Unit 4d
Unit 6 Total D Total EH
Female Male
4.1.2.Firstness
In this category, the data are based on the character that comes first in conversation, female or male characters. The data derive from both picture and
text. However, the textual data are only taken from conversation since it is easy to determine and analyze which character speaks first in a dialogue. Then, related to
pictorial data, the way to analyze is the same as in textual data. In this case, the character speaking first is indicated from the dialogue box or character‟s
expression in the picture. Again, to have effective explanation, the results in firstness category will be
presented the same as in number of female and male category. It means that one table and figure present the results of two textbooks which are under the same
title. ERC becomes the first title to demonstrate, as seen in Table 4.6
Table 4.4: The Number of Firstness in ERC Book
Unit Female
Male Total
Numbers Percentage Numbers Percentage
A 1
5 31.3
11 68.8
16
5
5 62.5
3 37.5
8
10 13
50 13
50 25
Total A 23
46 27
54 50
B 2
7 35
13 65
20
7
9 75
3 25
12
12 10
45.5 12
54.5 22
Total B 26
48.1 28
