activities such as playing football, walking, controlling traffic, climbing, driving, farming, repairing the electricity,
and repairing bicycle. Male characters tend to have more choices in doing indoor or outdoor activities since the several of
activities are fair enough between those two kinds of activities. They also mostly engage to the essential and important activities. Moreover, they characterize as a
brave person since they like to do challenging sport such as climbing. At the end, they are also frequently depicted to be active since the activities need energetic
power such as playing football. These results are similar to a study by Wu and Liu 2015. Women frequently perform activities which stereotype their roles since
they mostly have domestic activities. Seventh, regarding place category, both ERC and EH depict female and
male characters in stereotypical way. Female characters mostly in indoor places, most notably around house, such as kitchen, canteen, house, living room,
bedroom, classroom, house, terrace, bathroom, bed, and house. On the other
hand, male characters have more various public places compared to female characters, such as clinic, ship, factory, library, waiting room, basketball arena,
and school.
4.2.3 Breaking the Stereotyping
Hutchinson and Torres 1994, in Crawford, 2002 define that textbooks can be an agent of change. Regarding this study, ERC and EH also can also be an
agent of change. In this case, both textbooks can change the stereotyping for both female and male characters.
Based on the results, there are some attempts to break the stereotyping. The first attempt to break the stereotyping appears in EH in occupation category. The
word janitor appears in both characters. Usually, only male character depicts as janitor
. EH also depicts that female characters as career women since the percentage of female characters who work is 77.8. It can be articulated that EH
has a tendency to break the stereotyping that male character, in this case father, is the only breadwinner in the family. This case shows that a female can be a
breadwinner, too. Besides, it can be articulated that female characters are open to work outside their houses. Therefore, they are not only adhered to domestic work.
Second, an attempt to break the stereotype appears in noun category. ERC demonstrates that female character play tambourine. It can be inferred that the
author takes into account that female character can play a percussion instrument. Usually, female character has small chance to play this kind of musical instrument
compared to male character Macleod, 1993 and Aube, 2011. Besides, ERC also depicts that male character did make up. Stereotypically, this activity engages to
female. The result of noun in toys category shows that male and female characters
had the same numbers upon toys ball and sport equipment categories racket. It reveals that the authors attempted to make both characters had the same
opportunities to play or do those things in balance. Usually, male characters are mostly associated with those types of nouns. Besides, EH shows that male
character held a broom. There is an attempt to show that male character is allowed to do domestic work, not only female.
The last one is in activities category. EH depicts the most obvious attempt to break the stereotyping. Female characters can have more outdoor activities, such
as walking, catching a ball, kicking a ball, rolling a ball, and throwing a ball. There is only one domestic activity appears for female, i.e. washing dishes.
Besides, female characters have attempted to be literate on the growing technology, as presented in playing computer. In this category, EH shows that
male characters have more indoor activities instead outdoor activities. Out of 22, the outdoor activity is only playing football. Besides indoor activities, male
characters also have more domestic activities which are usually adhered to female, such as sweeping and tidying up shoes.
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CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter consists of three parts, namely, conclusions, implications, and recommendations. Conclusions summarize several essential points of the study.
