3 conflicts which are caused by the society. For example, when Lydia Bennet is
running away with Mr. Wickham and the Bennet family cannot find them anywhere. Thus, the meanings of struggles are discovered when the Bennet family
is trying to face and solve their conflicts.
B. Objective of the study
The objective of the study is to find the meanings of the Bennets’ struggles
in solving their life problems. In order to find the meanings of the Bennets’
struggles, the formulations are made. Thus, two problem formulations are made.
C. Problem Formulation
This study would answer two formulated problems. They are:
1. How are the Bennets and their life problems described in the novel? 2. What are
the meanings of the Bennets’ struggles in solving their life problems?
D. Definition of Terms
In order to avoid some misunderstanding about the terms used, in the beginning of this thesis some difficult terms will be defined. Thus, in this part the
writer would like to present the definition of terms that I used in the study. 1.
Conflict
Conflict is struggle, fight or disagreements between two or more people. Lewis Coser defines
conflict as “a struggle over values and claims to scarce
4 status, power and resources in which the aims of the opponents are to neutralize,
injure, or eliminate their rivals ” as cited in Billings, 1976, p. 533. In this study,
conflict means a struggle from low class people to fight against the oppression from high class people.
2.
Literal Meaning
Literal means following the original words exactly or lacking imagination. The literal meaning means the meaning that following the original word. In
another words the literal meaning is the meaning which appears or can be seen or noticed and it is not hidden. Case Marshall in Deep and Surface Approaches to
Learning 2009 add that a literal approach in learning is the tacit acceptance of
information and memorization and does not promote understanding for long-term retention of knowledge pp. 9-18.
In this study, the literal meaning is defined as the meaning which can be seen or noticed in the surface of the novel. After reading the novel, the writer can
directly conclude about the meanings of the Bennets’ struggles in solving their life
problems based on what is seen and noticed.
3.
True Meaning
True means being accurate, real or exact which is connected with the fact rather than things that have been guessed. Barnet et al. in An Introduction to the
Literature 1994 say that true meaning is the meaning which is told for our sake
because it is implicit p. 28. Fredrick in Adventures in Fiction 1964 has the
5 same opinion with Barnet. He says that the deeper meaning of the story is a
meaning which has value for every reader p. 75. Case Marshall in Deep and Surface Approaches to Learning
2009 also state that a deep learning involves the critical analysis of new idea and promotes the application for life pp. 9-18.
From the former statements above, it can be concluded that the true meaning is the meaning which implies and promotes the application for life.
In this study the true meaning means the meaning which can be seen behind the symbols or utterances that are used in a novel. The true meaning
usually does not appear or cannot be seen directly because it is hidden.
6
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
