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a. Conversion
Katamba 1993 states that conversion forms a new word without “modifying the form of the input word that serves as the base”. Conversion is a
word forming process that changes the word class of an already existing word to a new part of speech. Conversion is also called zero derivation since it makes
change in syntactic category O’Grady et al., 2010. For example, the word better
is originally an adjective since it is a comparative form of the adjective good. Though, it can be used either as in i or ii.
i I am better than him. ii You can better yourself.
The word better in ii is a verb. Based on the fact that it is originally an adjective and the only change occurring is in the syntactic category, it can be
concluded that conversion appears in the sentence. Other examples of conversion are run as a verb converted into a noun; and drink, which also change its syntactic
category from verb to noun. It proves that conversion is widely used and can be applied in any part of speech.
b. Clipping
According to Bauer 2003 clipping is “the process of shortening a word
without changing its meaning or its part of speech, though frequently with the effect of making it stylistically less formal.” Akmajian, Demers, Farmer, and
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Harnish 2001 a dd that the spelling of a clipped word “has been shortened but its
pronunciation is not necessarily altered. Here are some examples of clipping: doc
, which stands for doctor; lab, which stands for laboratory; and blog, which stands for web log.
Lehmann 1976, p. 146 states that clippings can be applied to affixes, especially suffixes. He names the process suffix clipping. The application of the
process is when a suffix -ician is taken from the supposed base and fitted onto geometry so that it becomes geometrician. Other similar examples are beautician
and mortician. From the fact, the researcher assumed that some clippings are also applied in certain affixes the researcher selected as the objects of the research.
c. Blend
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