7 has more complicated act and brings emotional feeling in the scene, like sorrow or
humor, so the audience will remember that character from the first story until the end of the story.
3. Characterization
Abrams 2005: 56 states that characters are the people or a person in dramatic or narrative work that interpreted by the readers. In characterization,
there are two options to gain the information about the character. The first one is explicit characterization. It means that the author tells the character just like
who the character is. The second one is implicit characterization, the meaning is the reader must infer how the character is.
In addition, Murphy 1972 adds nine ways in order to make the characters more understandable and more alive for the readers.
a. Personal Description
The author describes the character from the personal appearance in the body such as clothes, color of the skin, face and eyes.
b. Character as Seen by Another
The author describes the character using the other opinion to get the reflected image of the character.
c. Speech
The author gives the reader an insight into the character through what person says. Whenever the person gives conversation or an opinion, the
person will give clues about the character to the readers.
8 d.
Past Life The reader can get some clues about the character from the past life of the
character. That past life gives the readers clue to shape the character from the direct comment until the medium of another person.
e. Conversation of Others
The author can give clues to the character through the conversation of the other people and everything that related to the character.
f. Reactions
The author gives a clue about the character according to their reactions of the many situations, conditions or events.
g. Direct Comment
The author describes the person character directly by the author‟s comment. The difference between direct comment and personal
description is located on the direct conversation. h.
Thoughts An author can give the reader direct knowledge of what person thinking
about, this is the difference, because in this part an author can give the reader what different people thinking.
i. Mannerisms
An author describes the person mannerisms and the habitof the character, from that part, we can get clue about the character.
