7
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter discusses the theories which are beneficial and used as a set of beliefs or ideas to issue a framework of this research. In order to conduct the
research, the review of theoretical writings and researches is provided in this section. The summary and synthesis of those theories will be presented as well.
A. Theoretical Description
This section the researcher collects some theories about student learning competence namely, how to assessing writing, Second Language Acquisition
SLA as a study to conduct Error Analysis and Error Analysis as the method of this research.
1. Student Learning Competence
English is an obligatory subject in every formal educational institution: elementary, junior high and senior high school throughout curriculum 2006
Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan, KTSP, but time allocation for each is different Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia Nomor 22
Tahun 2006 . However, the following period, curriculum 2013 K-13 is
dissimilar. According to Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 21 Tahun 2016
, only junior and senior high school take English as a compulsory subject on implementing K-13. In batch 2015 it can
be claimed that every student has been had long Experience in dealing with PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
8 English language, at least nine years when entering senior high school because of
the curriculum transformation from curriculum 2006 to 2013. Moreover, there are a curriculum and syllabus which are used as standards
for teaching English in a classroom. Most of all senior high schools still implement Curriculum 2006 as a national curriculum in academic year 20152016
as being ordered by the Minister of Education and Culture Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia No 160 Tahun 2014
, and then create into a developed syllabus. Curriculum 2006 itself is an operational
curriculum, called Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan KTSP. An operational curriculum means that the curriculum is organized by each educational institution.
A syllabus is included in such curriculum. Thus “a syllabus should be developed
by teachers to adjust time allocation and student characteristics ” BSNP, 2006.
Regarding the curriculum 2006 implemented in academic year 20152016, in senior high school, teachers educate on English as a foreign language four
times in a week. Each time allocation is worth 45 forty five minutes. Thus, each student will learn English in a classroom for 180 one hundred and eighty
minutes per week Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 Tahun 2006
. There are basic competences which students should achieve. Then, it is
used to identify the learning material to support the learning achievement. In second grade senior high school, the learning materials on curriculum 2006 are
report text, narrative text, analytical exposition and hortatory exposition based on standard competences and basic competences Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan
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