Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII
76
A. Muatan Listrik
+BC6C5EA=:2C:?2C29=696C:?7DA:6BEA22?C2=29C2DE 4?D9 2A=:2C: ?C6A =:CDB: CD2D:C 52=2 69:5EA2? C692B: 92B:
+636?DE2?C2=:?2?92C:=7DA:2B6?2A6?6A6=2?C6B3E2D2ED?6B I2?836BE2D2??682D:7A252A6BE22?6BD2C
?D9=2:?86;2=2=:CDB:
CD2D:CI2?8=63:9C656B92?2252=296?6A6=?I2B23ED2D2EAD?82? 6BD2CA252A6?882B:CA=2CD:I2?8D6=295:8C2:?G=
65E286;2=2:C:2D6BC63ED6?E?;E2?329G25E23E2936?5252A2D C2=:?86?2B:
282:2?2A2B229=:7:C:26?;6=2C2?86;2=2D6BC63ED
+6B92D:2? 65E2A6B:CD:G2 A252 26
52? 26 6D:2C63E2932D2?82B6D5:8C56?82?2:?G=6E5:2?5:562D2?
A25232D2?8242I2?85:8C2:?CEDB2D6B?I2D265E232D2?8D6BC63ED D2B: 6?2B:
-632=:?I2C63E2932D2?82B6DI2?85:8C56?82?2:?
G=52?5:562D2?56?82?32D2?82B6DI2?8=2:?D6B?I2D265E232D2?8 2B6DD=2 6?=2
?DE6?;6=2C2?86;2=2D6BC63ED52A2D5:2?882A
329G2A6?88C2?2:?G=52?2:?CEDB2A25232D2?8636B:2? E2D2?=:CDB:A25232D2?8D6BC63ED
6B52C2B2?86;2=27:C:2D6C63ED;6=2C329G2E2D2?A252242 52?E2D2?A25232D2?82B6D36B3652;6?:C?I2
32.3 6301.3
O
6?I63ED2?329G2E2D2?=:CDB:A25232D2?8242C63282: E2D2?AC:D:7
52AE?E2D2?A25232D2?82B6D5:C63EDE2D2??682D:7
6?52D6BCECE?2D2CB:3E2?3292?;ED22?2D
DD6BCECE?2D2C ABD??6EDB?52?6=6DB?
+BD?52??6EDB?D6B52A2D5:52=2:?D:
2DC652?82?6=6DB?D6B52A2D5:E=:D2D
E=29ABD?52?6=6DB? 52=2C63E292D252=29C22
DE=29C6323?I22D36BC:72D?6DB2=
-63282:4?D92D9:5B86?6?82?5E?8C2DEABD?52?C2DE6=6DB? D36BE2D2?AC:D:7252=292DI2?86:=::;E=29ABD?=63:9
32?I252B:;E=296=6DB?C652?82?2D36BE2D2??682D:7252=29 2DI2?86:=::;E=29ABD?=63:9C65::D52B:A252;E=296=6DB?
6?5236BE2D2??6DB2=D6BCECE?2D2C2D 2DI2?8D:5236B E2D2??6DB2=
D?6DB2=252=292DI2?86:=::;E=29ABD?
C2256?82?;E=296=6DB?:C2=?I22D9:5B86?C6A6BD:D6B=:92D A25226
1. Interaksi Elektrostatis antara Dua Muatan Listrik
6?:C:?D6B2C:6=6DBCD2D:C252242I2:DE 2
D2B: 6?2B:2?D2B2E2D2? E2D2?D:52C6;6?:C
3
D=2 6?=22?D2B2E2D2? E2D2?C6;6?:C -6179,978.349142
O
6?8EEB36C2B?I2D2B:
2?52?D=22?=:CDB:C642B2E2?D:D2D:7
2;E826?I:AE=2?9EE I2?8 6?82DEB D2B:2? 52? D=22? =:CDB: D6BC63ED
EE D6BC63ED
5:6?2=56?82?11+1+EEE=36?I2D22?329G2
Gambar 4.1
Mesin fotokopi
Gambar 4.2
Setelah batang karet digosok kain wol dan batang kaca digosok kain
sutra kedua batang tersebut tarik- menarik.
batang karet batang karet
Sumber: Conceptual Physics, 1998
19222516.043753.786.04837.1.786.0357.84606031-7417416.09812 90918.-3
Tes Kompetensi Awal
A229C6D:2A36?526:=::E2D2?=:CDB: A2C2;229A6?IECE?52B:C63E292D6=2C2?
A6?IECE? A6?IECE??I2D6BC63ED A2I2?8?526D29E:D6?D2?82A2C:DBA2
C2;2297E?8C:?I2282:2?2AB:?C:A52C2B6B;2?I2 A2I2?85:2CE556?82?652?=:CDB:
batang karet batang kaca
Gambar 4.3
Setelah kedua batang karet digosok kain wol dan didekatkan, kedua
batang karet tolak-menolak.
Gambar 4.4
Pada atom hidrogen terdapat satu proton dan satu elektron.
DIUNDUH DARI: WWW.BUKUPAKET.COM Sumber buku bse.kemdikbud.go.id
Medan Listrik, Potensial Listrik, dan Kapasitor
77
50..010++0. 11100. .5. 1.1 . 1100.10
. 0. 1 .0.0. 1100.10 +6B92D:2?26
52?26
-642B22D62D:C82I2
D2B: 6?2B:2D2ED=2 6?=282I2E=352=2F2E52A2D 5:DE=:CC63282:36B:ED
,
- -
2D2E
F2E
- - .
O 2I2E=3I2?8D6B;25:52=2CE2DE65:E2D2E3292?6:=::
A6BC222?82I2E=3C63282:36B:ED
3292?
- - .
O :2+6BC222?O
252?+6BC222?O
35:823E?82?5:52A2D
F2E 3292?
. O2
-69:?8825:52A2D9E3E?82?82I2E=3A2523292?52?82I2E=3 A252F2EC63282:36B:ED
3292? F2E
. O3
6D6B2?82? 82I2E=3
- E2D2?=:CDB: ?CD2?D25:6=6DB:P
A6B:D:F:D2CBE2?892A2 P
O r
A6B:D:F:D2CB6=2D:73292? . ;2B22?D2BE2D2?
E26A:?8=82I2?8D6B3E2D52B:3292?C225:36B:E2D2?C2236C2B 2
6B2A229E2D2?5:C6D:2A6A:?8;:25:6D29E:82I2E=3C636C2B52?
;2B22?D2B6A:?8=82 3
:265E26A:?836B2525:52=23292?65:E56?82?
.
36B2A229 36C2B82I2E=3?I2
: :6D29E:
. 2
- - .
56?82?- -
- -
. .
-
-
.
P
O
Gambar 4.5
Interaksi muatan listrik berlainan jenis akan tarik-menarik
Gambar 4.6
Interaksi muatan listrik sejenis akan tolak-menolak
Contoh
4.1
F F
q
2
q
1
r
F F
q
2
q
1
r
F F
q
2
q
1
Tugas Anda 4.1
Anda masih ingat alat yang dinamakan dengan elektroskop?
Apakah fungsi alat tersebut? Bagaimanakah cara kerjanya? Coba
Anda cari informasi dari internet atau buku-buku referensi.
DIUNDUH DARI: WWW.BUKUPAKET.COM Sumber buku bse.kemdikbud.go.id
Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII
78
2. Resultan Gaya Coulomb
Kategori