In a the word “boy” is repeated. There is repetition. In b the reiteration takes the form of synonym namely “lad”.
In c the superordinate of boy, that is, ”child.” In d of a general word “idiot.”
However, not all general word are used cohesively, in fact only the nouns are. A general word is cohesively only when in the context of references, i.e. when it is
accompanied by a reference item. Then collocation. Every lexical item may enter into a cohesive device. But by
itself, it carries no indication wheter it is functioning cohesively or not. That can be established only by reference to the text.
Collocation take places through occurrence of a different lexical items that is systematically related to the first one, as a synonym or super-ordinate of it. We can
therefore extend the basis of the lexical relationship that features as a cohesive force and say that there is cohesion between any pair of lexical items which stand to each
other in same recognizable lexicosemantic word meaning relation. For examples:
Synonym or near synonym sick … ill
Super-ordinate rose … flower
Pair of opposites of complementary dead … alive
Antonym high … low.
2.3 Previous Study
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The idea of writing this thesis is based on some books which supply relevant information to the topic. The writer refers to the related analysis based on the cohesion
in discourse. Some of theem are follows under the reveiew. 1 Thomas Bloor 1985:51 in his book entitled The Functional Analysis
of English, explains about cohesive ties in the text which can be claasified into four main types: reference; ellipsis and subtitution, conjunction, and lexical cohesion.
Further, the writer explain about the relationship between grammar and text. A text has some textual components of the grammar and the lexical cohesion is a part of
cohesive components. 2 McCharly 1991:11 in his book Discourse Analysis for Language
Teachers explain tha grammatical cohesion and textual. The spoken and written discourse display grammatical connection between individual clauses and utterances.
The grammatical links can be classified as reference, ellipsis, subtitution, conjunction, and lexical cohesion.
3 Halliday and Hassan 1976:61 say that the concept of cohesion refers to the relation of meaning that exists within the texts, and it is defined as a text.
Cohesion occurs where the interpretation of some elements of the discourse defends on that one or another.
4 Halliday and Hassan 1984:320 present five categories of general lexical cohesion. They are: a repetition, b synonymy, c antonymy, d hyponymy,
and e meronymy. 5 Catherine Pricillia 1997:17 in her thesis “An Analysis of Cohesion of
Thought in Rumah Boneka, A Translation of ‘A Doll House’” has been analyzed the
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cohesion of thought found in a work of translation. The cohesions of thought beyond the sentences that she analyzed are anaphoric and cataphoric reference, opposition,
redudancy, conjunction, subtitution, and punctuation. 6 Irma Wardhani 1997 in her thesis entitled “An Analysis of Cohesive
Ties in the Discourse of the Traditional Minangkabau Wedding Ceremony” has analyzed that text of the discourse in Minangkabau tradidional wedding ceremony
baralek in terms of cohesive ties encompassing grammatical cohesion reference, subtitution and ellipsis, lexical cohesion re-iteration and collocation and conjunction
additive, adversative, clausal, and temporal.
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CHAPTER III METHOD ANALYSIS
3.1 Research Method
Prior to writting and completing the analysis, the writer applied library research. Bungin 2008:75 says that: “penelitian merupakan suatu kegiatan ilmiah
yang ditempuh melalui serangkaian proses yang panjang.” Research is a scientific activity through a series of long process. Bungin 2005:46 explains library research
is “penelitian yang dilakukan di perpustakaan mengambil teknik perpustakaan sdebagai tempat penelitian dengan objek penelitiannya adalah bahan-bahan
kepustakaan.” Research is conducted in the library and the object of research is all of the documet, book etc. Which found in the library.
3.2 Data and Data Source
Data in the analysis are sentences contained lexical cohesion found in the short story “A Good Man It’s Hard to Find.” Not all data are to be analyzed so we need
samples. The samples are taken purposively. It is done by selecting the data taken based on the purpose of the study Hadi 2004:127.
3.3 Data Analysis Method
I apply content analysis method in analyzing the data. Holisti 2005:14 says that “analisis isi adalah menemukan karakteristik pesan, dan dilakukan secara objektif
dan sistematis.” Content analysis is to find the characteristics of the message, and conducted objective and sistematically.
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