Background of the Study

2. What are students’ responses to scanning techniques in their recount text learning?

E. Objectives of the Study

To answer the questions above, the researcher gives several answers here as his objective of the study: 1. To analyze the effectiveness of scanning technique in students’ Reading of recount text 2. To analyze students’ responses to the first objective

F. Significance of the Study

The writer hopes this research can give useful contributions in English Language Teaching in Indonesia. This research is proposed to: 1. Find out the true problems the students face in English multiple choice test in recount text 2. Give the teacher a discussion on how to solve the students’ problem in Students’ English multiple choice test in recount text by applying scanning technique 3. Help the teachers to correct and feedback their students in finding the wise solution in scanning technique 4. Provide useful references for the next Researchers interested in the samestudies or related problems. 5

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW

This chapter contains the description of the literature review used in the study. It includes some points about recount text which contain the definition of recount text, the schematic structure of recount text, and types of recount text. The second point is the understanding of scanning technique, conception of reading comprehension, kinds of reading, definition of scanning technique, the importance of teaching reading, teaching reading through scanning, teaching procedure of teaching reading comprehension through scanning technique, and assessment of reading. The last point is relevant study, and hypotheses.

A. Theoretical Description

1. Recount Text

a. Definition of Recount Text Recount text is applied to retell the story or experience that had happened in the past time. According to A nderson “Recount is a piece of writing that retells past events usually in order in which they happened and the purpose of a recount is to give the audience a description of what occurred and when it occurred”. 1 The other s ource tells that “Recount text is written out to make a report about an experience of a series of related event .” 2 In brief, recount text is writing type text which retells the past event chronologically. The purpose of recount text is to describe what happened in the past time through sequence of the events to the reader. 1 Mark Anderson and Kathy Anderson, Text Types in English 3, South Yarra: MacMillan, 1997, p. 11 2 NatanaelSaragih, The Effectiveness of Using Recount Text to Improve Writing Skill for Grade III Students of Kalam Kudus Elementary School 2 Pematangsiantar,, Medan: IOSR Journals, 2014, p. 57 b. The Schematic Structure of Recount Every text has a schematic structure. According to Anderson, recount has three schematic structures. They are, “Orientation, events, and re- orientation.” 3 The orientation is the opening of the recount text. It consists of background information about recount text. Events tell about what happened in a chronological order. Re-orientation is the conclusion of the recount text. 1. Orientation In this part, the writer tries to introduce the recount writing to the readers, so the readers know about the details of setting or background information about the events. “The orientation supplies the background information needed to fully understand the retelling. It establishes the time, setting and who or what is participating. ” 4 This orientation is in the first paragraph as an opening of the recount text. 2. Events The orientation is followed by the events of the recount text. The function of the event is to tell what happened in a chronological order. In this part of the recount it is important that students are given adequate guidelines and scaffolds to assist with the structure of their writing. 5 Event is the main important part of recount text because those events are the core of the story. This is followed by a series of paragraph that tell about all of the past events that happened in the story. 3. Re-Orientation optional In this part, the writer can choose to give the conclusion for the readers or not. Re-orientation is about the conclusion of the experience. It is optional because some recounts are only consists of orientation, and the series of events. The conclusion and comment of the story can be given in this last part. 3 John Barwick, Targeting Text, Blake Education: America, 2006, p. 18 4 I bid, p. 5 5 Ibid, p. 5