The Language Features of Recount Text

repertoire of all people. 12 In spite of this fact, the researcher believes that the true conception of reading might not yet have been understood clearly. Pikulski also elaborated fluency. Fluency has sometimes been viewed as essentially an oral reading phenomenon. 13 The National Reading Panel defined reading fluency as the ability to read text quickly, accurately, and with proper expression. Definitions that emphasize the oral aspect of fluency may, at least in part, account for why fluency has not historically received much attention. The importance of oral reading pales dramatically in comparison to that of silent reading comprehension. Most readers spend a minuscule amount of time doing oral reading as compared to silent reading Another argument comes from Chall that emphasize the role of phonics in students’ reading ability. He argued that overall, based on the findings from the research from 1967 to 1983 confirmed the study that explain that stronger phonics programs for beginning readers produced better results than programs with a weaker phonics emphasis. 14 Dallman explain that because of the complexity of the reading process and the incompleteness of existing knowledge to the nature of the reading act, the definition of reading is quite numerous and diversified. 15 Reading is more than pronouncing printed words or recognizing them. It is a meaning-seeking process rather than a meaning- extracting process. Reading is, further, a purposeful, complex process consisting of various skills such as perception, recognition, interpretation, understanding reaction and evaluation. Beatrice concluded, therefore, that second-language students need to learn to think in English in order to read effectively in English. Reading instruction needs to be based on training ESL and EFL students in new ways of talking and thinking about texts. In teaching reading, instructors need to take into 12 Frank Smith, Understanding Reading, New York: Holt ane Rinehart and Winson, Inc., 1971, p. 179 13 Op.Cit. p.510 14 J. Chall, The Role of Phonics in the Teaching of Reading: A Position Paper Prepared for the secretary of Education, Washington D.C.: Office Educational Research and Improvement, 1989, p. 9 15 Op.Cit., p.165