Conclusion Anticipatory it- clause

100 health care system. CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1. Conclusion

As the final part of an analysis, the existence of conclusion is aimed to give the last information of a study. The conclusion is drawn from the result of research in the previous chapters. Regarding that statement, the conclusion after analyzing hedges in Barack Obama’s speeches will be drawn as: There are some types of hedges as found in Chapter II of this thesis. The theory leads this analysis in determining the typology of hedges from the utterance f ound in Barack Obama’s speeches. The theory states that there are six types of hedging construction. These types are adverbials, epistemic verbs, modal verbs, cognition verbs, hypothetical constructions, and anticipatory it- clause. Through reflecting on that theory, there are 109 data found in Barack Obama’s speeches. After finding it, those data then are clustered into types of hedging construction as stated above. Based on the elaboration which is done toward those data, the result can be summarized as: Passive Voice Verb 1 Data, Hypothetical Construction 36 data, Epistemic Verbs 12, Adverbial Construction 13 data, Modal Verbs 38 data, Cognition Verbs 4 Data, and Question Universitas Sumatera Utara 101 Construction 5 Data. The result poses that Barack Obama used many hedges in his utterances and most of those hedging constructions are centered on verb form. After elaborating the typology of hedging constructions in the data, the analysis moves to the analysis of kinds of presupposition and what every hedges presupposes. In the case of types of presupposition, the result poses as Existential Presupposition 22 data, Counterfactual Presupposition 30 data, Non- Factive Presupposition 38 data, Factive Presupposition 13 data, Lexical Presuppostion 1 data, and Structural Presupposition 5 data. Besides taking that conclusion, the result also poses that every hedges contains some early presupposition which are closely related to the assumption of tentativeness, sureness, and level of vagueness. Those results prove that presupposition theory focuses on a set of early assumptions of someone’s utterances and when it deals with hedges, the presupposition surely relates to the assumption of vagueness. As the ultimate result which strongly proves that the results of this thesis were correctly related to the hedges is the discussion of implicatures. After presenting the set of early assumption named presupposition, then the implicature is the theory which interprets someone’s utterances reflect to the reality. The utterance can be said as vague utterance if the implicature drawn as + p poses a negative position or contrast to the x factor x factor is understood as the real social condition. From all the implicatures presented in Table 3, the readers can see that all implicatures stand equivalently to a negative position NOT p is true, +p is expected to be true later and contrast to the x factor + p is in contrast to x factor. Those results reveal that all utterances contained in the table are hedging expression Universitas Sumatera Utara 102 based on the interpretation of implicature. The result also strongly recommends that the equivalence between the presupposition and implicatures ultimately proves that the hedges as shown in Table 1 are really tentative and vague utterance based on scientific proof called implicature and pressuposition.

5.2 Suggestion