CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHOD
In this chapter, I will explain some sub chapters namely description of the school, research design, research time and setting, research subject, research
focus, research instruments, data collection techniques, and data analysis techniques.
3.1. The Description of the School
I investigated Islamic Priests ’ directive speech acts in the teaching activities of
kitab kuning at madrasah diniyah Al Muhammad. This madrasah diniyah nonformal school belongs to an Islamic boarding school namely pondok
pesantren Al Muhammad. Pondok Pesantren Al Muhammad is a popular pesantren in Blora
Regency. This pesantren is located on Blora Street number 151 Cepu Blora Central Java. The place is easily accessed from any side. The people can reach
the location by some means of transportation. There are approximately 400 santris students from different regions who stay and study there recently.
According to the classification of pesantren by The General Chief of Islamic Institutional Affairs 2003, Al Muhammad is regarded as pesantren
type B that has several characteristics such as: i the students stay in the
boarding house, ii there is integrated learning model of formal and nonformal school, iii the curriculum is clear, iv the pesantren holds nonformal school
namely madrasah diniyah education religious school. Based on the learning model, all of the santris students study in formal
and nonformal school. Formal school is conducted the morning up to evening. For example: junior high school, senior high school, and university high
institute. Besides nonformal school is conducted two times a day: i starting from 08.30 up to 10.00 p.m, ii starting from 04.00 up to 06.00 a.m.
In nonformal school, the male and the female are separated in different classrooms. In this pesantren, many kitab kuning ancient books for Islamic
studies are delivered by the teachers. The books contain some subjects such as Nahw Arabic syntax, Sharf Arabic morphology, Akhlaq moral education,
Tauhid Islamic theology, and Fiqh Islamic laws, Tarikh Islamic history, Tasawuf Islamic philosophy, and Akidah Islamic rules.
Due to the learning curriculum, there are some levels of the kitab kuning that are delivered by the teachers: i preparatory SPSekolah Persiapan, ii
beginnerclass I, iii intermediateclass II, iv upper intermediate class III, v pre advanced level class IV, vi advanced level class V. The preparatory
class consists of two classes; SP Pa and SP Pi. Beginner level consists of two classes; I Pa and I Pi. There are three classes for intermediate; II Pa, II Pi A,
and II Pi B. Two classes for upper intermediate III Pi and III Pa. Two classes for pre advance level; IV Pa and IV Pi. Two classes for advance level; V Pa
and V Pi.
The kitabs for the SP level is imlaq and tarikh nabii. The next kitabs for class I are jurumiyyah, and amsilatul tasrifiyyah. The kitabs for class II are
matan taqorib and amsilatul tasrifiyyah. The kitabs for class III are fatul qorib. The kitabs for class IV are
ta’lim muta’allim, and arbain nabawi. Advanced level kitabs are fatul qorib and bulughul maram. All of those kitabs are written
in Arabic language. The teachers used a common method in the teaching activities of kitab
kuning. There are three steps in the teaching activities of kitab kuning. Firstly, the teachers read the materials and translate them word by word into Javanese
language. In the same time, the students are listening to the teachers and give the punctuations on the kitabs. These activities are regarded as
ngi’rabi. Secondly, the students are writing the meaning of the texts in their own kitab.
This second activities are called maknani. After conducting these two steps, the teacher and the students were discussing the material.
3.2. Research Design
