Dedy Rizki Damanik : The Translation Of Bound Morphemes In “Brokeback Mountain” By Annie Proulx Into “Gunung Brokeback” By Hetih Rusli, 2009.
Actually, from these processes of translation I can conclude that the process of translation begins from reading the text. Then understanding the context of the
text, what does it mean that content in the text. After that, find the difficult word or terminology from the text and get the meaning of it. At last, translate the text
carefully so that the readers can understand it easily.
2.5 Role of Culture in Translation
Translation is a kind of activity which inevitably involves at least two languages and two cultural traditions. As this statement implies, translators are
permanently faced with the problem of how to treat the cultural aspects implicit in source text ST and of finding the most appropriate technique of successfully
conveying these aspects in the target language TL. These problems may vary in scope depending on the cultural and linguistic gap between the two or more
languages concerned Nida, 1964: 130. More especially concerned with language and translation, Newmark 1988:
94, defines culture as “the way of life and its manifestations that are peculiar to a community that uses a particular language as its means of expression”, thus
acknowledging that each language group has its own culturally specific features. Since the translation involves two of languages which have different culture,
the translator has to pay attention to the meaning of words. Hornby 1995: 726 says, “Meaning is what referred to or indicated by sounds, words, or signs”.
Sometimes the meaning of word is not as simple as we see. We have to see the cultural aspect of words. For example the word knife in English means pisau in
Bahasa Indonesia. In Indonesia cultural context, the word knife has more than one
Dedy Rizki Damanik : The Translation Of Bound Morphemes In “Brokeback Mountain” By Annie Proulx Into “Gunung Brokeback” By Hetih Rusli, 2009.
meaning such as belati, sembilu. In addition, the word living together in sentence they have been living together for five years has different meaning between
Indonesian and English culture. In Indonesia living together means they have been living together with marriage tie legally, while in English culture it may means
they have been living together without marriage tie illegally.
The meaning of such words can be clearly determined from the cultural context of the speech community. A translator must be concerned of the
translation problems due to the cultural distance between the source language and the target language.
2.6 The Concept of Equivalence in Translation
