interview notes and recording transcription. The types of database were examined in order to identify what kinds of activity were involved in the teacher-students
interaction. The activities could be lecturing, questioning and answering, and also discussion. Based on the facts of the research location, the interaction contained
teacher talk and students talk as well as teacher activity and learners‘ activity. In
other words, the data of the study were in the form of speech and actions.
3.4 Instrument for Collecting Data
The present study investigated on the teacher-students interaction and the used of teacher talk by teacher in teaching the students, so to describe or explain the
interaction and the teacher talk I used interaction analysis as the main tool. The data was analyzed by using interaction analysis that was developed by
Moskowitz, Foreign Language Interaction Analysis Flint. Since Flint is a technique that consists of categories and the application of the technique observes
the interaction happened in the class, so it can be included as an observational technique. Flint is not the only instrument used in this research. To get optimal
data, I also used other instrument. They are questionnaire, interview, and documentation.
3.4.1 Observation
Observation enables the researcher to document and reflect systematically upon classroom interactions and events, as they actually occur rather than as we think
they occur Burns, 1999: 80. The term of observation also refers to an activity of using certain procedures that ensure that the collected information provides a
sound basis for answering research questions and supporting the interpretations of the data. The procedure used in the present study is Flint Foreign Language
Interaction Analysis by Moskowitz.
3.4.2 Questionnaire
Questionnaire is a number of written questions which used to get information from the respondents in a mean a report of herhis personality or some things she
knows Arikunto 2010: 194. In order to get the respondents response or feedback about the research activity, questionnaire was delivered to the students since the
research activity also affected the students. Because of the number of the students, questionnaire was considered appropriate to be applied, so the activity of getting
the data did not take much time. The purpose of giving questionnaire was also to obtain students‘ opinion about the improvement of the teacher talk and to know
the improvement of the research activity for the students. Based on the types of questionnaire in the way of the respondents answer,
there are two kinds of questionnaire; open format or closed format. In the present study, I used closed format questionnaire since the result is calculated
quantitatively, so the comparison of the result can be seen clearly. The closed format questionnaire was in a form of the Likert scale which has four options
namely a, b, c and d. The options in this Likert scale are strongly agree, agree, disagree, and strongly disagree. The table below showed the options detail.
Table 3.1 The Questionnaire Options Detail Option
Code Meaning
A SA
Strongly Agree B
A Agree
C D
Disagree D
SD Strongly Disagree
Based on Dörnyei 2003 explanation about types of information that can be obtained through questionnaire, I designed the questionnaire in an attitudinal
form, so the questions concerned on the attitudes, beliefs, opinions, interests, and values of the respondents.
Table 3.2 Questionnaire guidelines and questionnaire items Number
Questionnaire Guideline Questionnaire Items
1 The students opinion towards
teacher talk. The teacher‘s explanation is easy
to be understood. The teacher‘s questions are easy to
be understood. The teacher‘s instructions are easy
to be understood 2
The influence of teacher talk towards students behavior in
learning process The teacher talk does not make me
afraid to askinteract with him. I the students do not get much
time to interact with the teacher because of the teacher talk.
I the students am not afraid and
able to to respond to the teacher‘s questions.
I the students feel enthusiastic and am not afraid in responding
teacher talk.
3 The students‘ opinion toward
teacher behavior The teacher gives an opportunity
to the students to interact with him.
4 The students‘ opinion toward
teaching-learning process The activity makes the situation to
be more interactive. The activity and the situation in
the classroom support the students to practice and interact in English.
3.4.3 Interview
