Step of Research Analysis

The name of magazine namely “CHIC”. The magazine is edition 161, 162, 163, and 164 and 165. There are many topics in this magazine, such as fashion, mode, style, cover story, etc. The writer at last chose “story” as the data. The writer focused on this topic because “Story” tell about the short story and usually many people like to read, event to write the short story itself. The contents of the short story consist of many sentences and we can find code-mixing in every short story. After that, the writer copied all short story as the data of this thesis.

3.3 Step of Research

The step of the research of this research namely: 1. The writer of this thesis eek the magazine that will use for this thesis, then the writer choose 5 edition of the magazine namely edition 161, 162, 163, 164, and 165. 2. The writer read the contents of magazine. 3. Then, the writers of this thesis select the topics from the magazine that use to be data source of this thesis and the topics is “story”. Story tell about short story, wrote by different writers in every short story. 4. After select the topics, the writer of this thesis read all the short story. 5. Then, the write find the word that mix in this short story. from the fifth magazine, there are thirty three words that mix in this magazine. 6. The writer analyze the words that mix in the story. CHAPTER IV DESCRIPTION AND FINDING

4.1 Analysis

Code-mixing refers to the mixing of two or more languages or language varieties in speech. Some scholars use the terms “code-mixing and code-switching interchangeably, especially in study of syntax, morphology and other formal aspects of language. Other assume more specific definitions of code-mixing, but these specific definitions may be different in different subfields of linguistics, educations theory, communications, etc. Some linguists use the terms code-mixing and code-switching more or less interchangeably. Especially in formal studies of syntax, morphology, etc, both terms are used to refer to utterances that draw from elements of two or more grammatical systems. These studies are often interested in the alignment of element from distinct system, or on constraints that limit switching. In chapter II, the writers writes that Wardaugh 2006:98 says “code- switching also called code-mixing can occur in conversation between speaker’s turns or within a single speaker’s turn”. In the latter case it can occur between sentences inter-sententially or within a single sentence intra-sententially. 1. Aku dengan rentetan deadline Analysis: sepanjang hari yang lupa bahwa harusnya ada rentetan tawa yang diraih. From the word “Aku dengan rentetan deadline sepanjang hari yang lupa bahwa harusnya ada rentetan tawa yang diraih”, using word that is mix here, is deadline. The meaning of deadline in Bahasa Indonesia is “batas waktu”. It usual for people to using the word “deadline” than use the the word “batas waktu ” itself. It also happened to the writer of the short story. As tell above, Wardaugh classify the kinds of code mixing in to two namely Intra-sentential code-mixing and Intra-sentential code-mixing. So from the definition, t his sentence is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. 2. Ka, hari lain please Analysis: … The word, “Ka, hari lain please” is code-mixing because there are the two word that is mix in this sentence. The word “please” as code-mixing in this sentence have the meaning as ‘tolong, mohon’. This sentence is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. 3. Arina memasang emoticon Analysis: sedih. From the word, “Arina memasang emoticon sedih” use the word that is mix here namely emoticon.. The using of this word have usual for many people especially in Indonesia. The meaning of this word itself is “simbol, ekspresi”. This word is not found in dictionary, it means that this is not real Bahasa Indonesia. This word is the lend word Bahasa pinjaman from English language. That is why people more usual to use to use “emoticon” than then the word “simbol, tanda, or maybe ekspresi”. This sentence is included into Intra- sentential code-mixing. 4. Aku melanjutkan mengetik keypad ponsel smartphone Analysis: ku. The sentence “Aku melanjutkan mengetik keypad ponsel smartphoneku” using word that is mix here namely “keypad ponsel smartphone ku”. There are three word that can classify as code-mixing. There word “keypad” that usually use in electronic world and have the meanining in Bahasa Indonesia namely “tombol”, then word “ponsel” that actually from English language namely “phone” it means this is the lend word, and then, we can see the word “smartphone” is the name for the phone like android. The three of this word keypad, ponsel, smartphone is usual by people in phone world. People rare use this word because it’s more impressive for many people especially for teenager to use the English version than the real Language namely Bahasa Indonesia. This sentence is included into Intra- sentential code-mixing. 5. Kan udah punya cerita masing-masing Ka’... Tidak selamanya berjalan beriringan. Move on dong Analysis: This sentence is code-mixing and the code-mixing namely “move on” and the meaning in Bahasa Indonesia namely “Bangkit, berjalan terus”. This word is the word that usually speak by many people to comfort, to motivate the other people for not stay in the bad condition. This sentence is included into Inter-sentential code-mixing. 6. Aku memperlambat laju langkahku saat memasuki coffee shop terdapat di sebuah Mall di kawasan Kuningan. yang Analysis: The sentence, “Aku memperlambat laju langkahku saat memasuki coffee shop 7. Harusnya, aku mengenakan pakaian terbaikku, bukan pakaian kaos lusuh dengan yang terdapat di sebuah Mall di kawasan Kuningan”, there is code-mixing above namely “coffee shop”. The writer of this story use this word because it more impressive, then the writer of the short story use this word in this sentence of this story because the writer have the good second language. Interference cause the writer or even the most people become mix their utterance. This sentence is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. sneaker Analysis: yang hampir sebulan tidak pernah tersentuh air dan deterjen. The sentence, “Harusnya, aku mengenakan pakaian terbaikku, bukan pakaian kaos lusuh dengan sneaker yang hampir sebulan tidak pernah tersentuh air dan deterjen”, there is code-mixing above namely “sneaker”. The word sneaker means “sepatu karetsepatu olahraga”. It tell about things that related with sport. This sentence is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. 8. Waduh, minta tanda tangan dong seruku sembari menengadahkan tangan kananku, seolah-olah itu adalah notes Analysis: . The sentence, “Waduh, minta tanda tangan dong seruku sembari menengadahkan tangan kananku, seolah-olah itu adalah notes 9. Gantian menyelusuri pandangan ke belakangnya, “ada kamera ”, there is code- mixing namely “notes”. This sentence is included into Inter-sentential code- mixing. infotainmen Analysis: t enggak ya?”. The sentence, “Gantian menyelusuri pandangan ke belakangnya, “ada kamera infotainmen 10. Aku memanggil t enggak ya?” there is the word that mix here, namely infotainment. The word infotainment means “infotainment”. This word actually real English, but in Indonesia, it usual by people to do it. This word is the borrowing word. There are no meaning of ‘infotainment’ in Bahasa Indonesia. This sentence is included into Inter-sentential code-mixing. waitress meminta buku menu dan menyebut menu yang familiar Analysis: di lidahku. “Lemon tea” ya.. The sentence, “Aku memanggil waitress meminta buku menu dan menyebut menu yang familiar di lidahku. “Lemon tea” ya”, there are two word that mix in this sentence namely, “waitress” and “familiar”. First, “waitress” have the meaning in Bahasa Indonesia namely “pelayan wanita”, it means the people woman who usually have a job in a restaurant. Second, “familiar” have the meaning in Bahasa Indonesia namely “akrab”. This sentence is included into Inter-sentential code-mixing. 11. Juga baju keren nih. Lebih Analysis: branded. The sentence, “Juga baju keren nih. Lebih branded 12. Sesekali Alan bercerita tentang ”, have the word that we say it as code-mixing. The meaning of branded itself in Bahasa Indonesia namely “bermerek”. This sentence is included into Inter-sentential code-mixing. entertainment Analysis: yang sedang ia geluti. The sentence, “Sesekali Alan bercerita tentang entertainment 13. Aku gak kebayang yang sedang ia geluti”, there is the word that mix in this sentence namely “entertainment”. The meaning of the word namely “hiburan”. We usually heard this word when we watch television and then programs of that television entertain when watch the programs. This sentence is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. fans Analysis: kamu seperti apa. The sentence, “Aku gak kebayang fans The word fans used by most people. When they like someone very much, they called it as fans. It is very rare for people to use the word “penggemar”. This sentence is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. kamu seperti apa” there is the word that mix in this sentence namely fans. The word fans itself have the meaning namely “penggemar”. 14. Bedalah, Ka. Aku kan di panggung jaga image Analysis: . Lebih kharismatik. The sentence, “Bedalah Ka. Aku kan di panggung jaga image. Lebih kharismatik” have the word that mix namely “image”. In Bahasa Indonesia, the meaning of image namely “kesan, atau penampilan”. This word have the function as Noun. So, this utterance, is included into Inter-sentential code-mixing. 15. Kalau makan sebanyak itu, nanti kakak gendut loh, bisa-bisa pangeran impian jadi ill-feel Analysis: deh sama kakak, kata Deni... The sentence, “Kalau makan sebanyak itu, nanti kakak gendut loh, bisa- bisa pangeran impian jadi ill-feel 16. Atau mungkin ada resep rahasia lain yang bisa kau bagikan untukku? Tanyaku deh sama kakak, kata Deni”, there is the word that mix here, namely “ill-feel”. The word feel have the meaning in Bahasa Indonesia namely “perasaan”. People usually use this word when they find something strange, or something different who make them unhappy. This sentence is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. to the point Analysis: , dan Nina melongok kaget. The sentence, “Atau mungkin ada resep rahasia lain yang bisa kau bagikan untukku? Tanyaku to the point For many people, it more impressive to mix their Language, because it looked smart if people know to speak in the other Language second language, , dan Nina melongok kaget”, there is code-mixing using in this sentence, namely “to the point”. In this sentence, the meaning of the word namely ‘langsung’. that is why the writer of this short story event most people often use this word. This sentence is included into Inter-sentential code-mixing. 17. Malam itu, mereka banyak bertukar pikiran, berbicara tentang kesedihan, tentang hidup, dan tentang masa depan yang terlalu Analysis: blur. The sentence, “Malam itu, mereka banyak bertukar pikiran, berbicara tentang kesedihan, tentang hidup, dan tentang masa depan yang terlalu blur 18. ”, there is the language that different with the other word, namely the word “blur” that have the meaning in Bahasa Indonesia namely “kabur”. They often use the word “kabur, samar-samar” than the word that used in this sentence. But in this word the writer of the short story use the word ‘blur’ in this sentence and this sentence become code-mixing. This sentence is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. Please stay Analysis: , bisik Amalia. The sentence, “Please stay , bisik Amalia”, is code-mixing. This sentence become code-mixing because there are the word that is mix in one sentences, namely ‘please stay’. The meaning of this word in Bahasa Indonesia namely “tetaplah tinggal”. This word also rare used by people, and the writer of the short story use this in this sentence. This sentence is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. 19. Sebentar lagi, feeling Analysis: ku mengatakan, sebentar lagi lembar-lembar masa lalu akan dimulai. The sentence, “Sebentar lagi, feeling 20. Kegugupanku teralihkan oleh nominal argo yang berkedip-kedip merah di ku mengatakan, sebentar lagi lembar- lembar masa lalu akan dimulai”, there is the word that using by the writer of short story and this sentence become code-mixing. The word namely “feeling”. This word have the meaning in Bahasa Indonesia namely ‘perasaan’. The word ‘feeling’ is often used by many people, because the meaning more click when we use this word than we used in Bahasa Indonesia, namely “perasaan”. This sentence is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. dashboard Analysis: . The sentence, “Kegugupanku teralihkan oleh nominal argo yang berkedip- kedip merah di dashboard ”, mentioned as code-mixing. The word ‘dashboard’ here become the word that we can say as the borrowing word, because this language actually is English language, and then Indonesian people also use this language but in Bahasa Indonesia, dashboard become dasbor. The meaning of dabor itself namely the place where the cost of taxy placed. Of course this transportation used by the people who have money. This sentence is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. 21. Friends Analysis: , lihat Si cewek Barbie ini masih sama seperti dulu Dia mengumumkan. The sentence, “Friends 22. Lili makin cantik ya? Dia seperti , lihat Si cewek Barbie ini masih sama seperti dulu Dia mengumumkan”, there is foreign language that mix with Bahasa Indonesia here, and the word namely “friends”. It is usual for people to use the word ‘friend’ when they were talking in their daily life. The meaning of this word in Bahasa Indonesia namely ‘teman’. This sentence is included into Inter- sentential code-mixing. Princess Disne Analysis: y hijrah kemari. The sentence, “Lili makin cantik ya? Dia seperti Princess Disne 23. Aku berdiri. Meja y hijrah kemari”, said as code-mixing because there is the word that is not Bahasa Indonesia but English Language namely the word ‘Princess’. Princess Disney itself is the doll that come from the world of fantasy. She has a very beautiful face. This sentence is included into Inter-sentential code-mixing. snack Analysis: adalah tujuanku. The sentence, “Aku berdiri. Meja snack adalah tujuanku”, use code- mixing here, namely snack. The meaning of snack itself namely “cemilan”. It often to use this word than the real Bahasa Indonesia namely “cemilan or makanan ringan”. This sentence is included into Inter-sentential code-mixing. 24. Tidak akan merasa nyaman begini, kalau dia tutup mulut. Menganggapku manusia baru, The new Lil Analysis: i, toh perasaanku. The sentence, “Tidak akan merasa nyaman begini, kalau dia tutup mulut. Menganggapku manusia baru, The new Lil 25. Namun mama tidak mau kau terjebak dalam dunia i, toh perasaanku”, there is the word that mix here, namely ‘The New Lili’.. The meaning of this word namely ‘Lili yang baru’. It means that the other people found something new from the person ‘Lili’. This sentence is included into Inter-sentential code-mixing. entertainment yang terkenal glamour Analysis: . The sentence, “Namun mama tidak mau kau terjebak dalam dunia entertainment yang terkenal glamour 26. ” is code-mixing, because there is the word that mix here, namely the word ‘entertainment’ and the word ‘glamour’. The word entertainment usually use for artist, actor, models, etc. The word ‘glamour’ has the meaning in Bahasa Indonesia, namely ‘mewah’. This sentence is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. Maintanance Analysis: itu sangat penting Kak. The sentence, “Maintanance itu sangat penting Kak”, this is code-mixing because the word ‘maintanance’ is not Bahasa Indonesia, but that is English Language. The word ‘maintanance’ in Bahasa Indonesia have the meaning namely ‘perawatan’. This word is rare used by people, but if the person have the good second language, the person usually mix their language, even that word is difficult to understand by the other people who don’t have the good second language. This sentence is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. 27. Aku harus merawat kecantikanku supaya terus dapat Analysis: job. The sentence, “Aku harus merawat kecantikanku supaya terus dapat job 28. Kau sudah cantik dari sananya, tidak usah pake ” said as code-mixing because the word ‘job’ is the English Language, and it usual for people to use this word. The meaning of this word namely ‘pekerjaan’. This sentence is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. make u Analysis: p pun kau sudah cantik. The sentence, “Kau sudah cantik dari sananya, tidak usah pake make up pun kau sudah cantik ”, said as code-mixing because there is the language that mixed there namely “make-up”. the word ‘make-up’, the meaning in Bahasa Indonesia has the meaning namely “riasan untuk wajah”. This word is very often using by people. In fact this is not real Bahasa Indonesia, but the other language namely English language. This is the borrowing word this sentence is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. 29. Aku ingin go international Analysis: . The sentence, “Aku ingin go international 30. ..menjejakkan kaki di ”, said as code-mixing because “go international” is English language that mix with Bahasa Indonesia. The word ‘go international’ is the word that usual to use by most of people There is no word in Bahasa Indonesia that can describe the meaning of this word. That is why this word is the borrowing word. This sentence is included into Intra-sentential code- mixing. catwalk-catwalk Analysis: di kota mode dunia. The sentence, “menjejakkan kaki di catwalk-catwalk 31. di kota mode dunia” is code-mixing because the word ‘catwalk’ is English language and it mix with Bahasa Indonesia. The usage of catwalk usually use by the people who related with fashionmodel. ‘catwalk’ is the platform that usually use by model to show their fashion to the public. This sentence is included into Intra-sentential code- mixing. Having fun go mad menjadi sebuah tag-line Analysis: hidupmu. The sentence, “Having fun go mad menjadi sebuah tag-line hidupmu”, have two word that make this sentence become code-mixing, namely ‘having fun go mad’ and the word ‘tag-line’. The word ‘Having fun go mad’ have the meaning in Bahasa Indonesia namely ‘memperoleh kesenangan, menghilangkan kegilaan’. The word usually used to the people for comfort them. This such a tag-line, but actually this tag-line still rare we found specially in our country, Indonesia. The word ‘tag-line’ in Bahasa Indonesia means ‘motto. This word also rare used by people. This two code, said by the people who have the good second language as well as the first language. This is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. 32. By the way Analysis: , kamu Anastasya, anak Sastra Inggris kah? The sentence, “By the way 33. Sebastian bekerja sebagai , kamu Anastasya, anak Sastra Inggris kah?” we said code-mixing because there is the word that is mixed in one sentence. This word it have the meaning namely, “ngomong-ngomong”. The word “By the way” used by people when they speak one topics and suddenly they remember the other topics that different with the topic they speak. So they speak about that topic, but used the word ‘by the way’. This sentence is included into Intra- sentential code-mixing. web desaigner dari rumah. . Dia lebih banyak bekerja Analysis: The sentence, “Sebastian bekerja sebagai web desaigner. Dia lebih banyak bekerja dari rumah”, there is then word that make this sentence become code- mixing, the word namely ‘web designer’. The meaning of the word ‘web designer’ have the meaning namely “orang yang mendesainmembuat jaringan”. Code-mixing in this sentence, “web designer” usually use by people who related with computer. This sentence is included into Inter-sentential code-mixing. 34. Saat kuselesaikan Diary Analysis: ini, kau pasti tengah bersanding dengan pria itu sementara aku sudah pergi jauh. The sentence, “Saat kuselesaikan Diary The word ‘diary’ use by most people. They often use the word ‘diary’ than they use the word ‘catatan harian’. As the reason, it because more impressive to speak in mixed one language and the other language, but it can done well, when the person have the second language as well as the first language. This sentence is included into Intra-sentential code-mixing. ini, kau pasti tengah bersanding dengan pria itu, sementara aku sudah pergi jauh”, we can find that this sentence is code-mixing, because there is the other and different language in the sentence. The different language namely “Diary” and this word make this sentence become code-mixing. The word “Diary” have the meaning in Bahasa Indonesia namely “catatan harian” have the function as and in this sentence, the word ‘diary’. Hymes 1974:53-62, said that the setting and scene are places, occasions, or natural situations that can influence the people in choosing the code. People may consider choosing a more formal variety of a language when talking in an office than when talking in a picnic place. A more moderate attitude in speaking is also found in a ritual or ceremonial occasion than in a street or supermarket. There are some factors that influence code-mixing we usually short it becomes SPEAKING, namely:

1. Setting and Scenes

The source short story is taken from fife edition of magazine Chic. Every short story have a different setting and place. The place that the first short story USAI happened namely in the restaurant where Azka and Alan met for the first time after they were graduated. It happened in the day when they were lunch. The second short story Wanna Be a Wife happened in Rere’s home in the morning. It happened when Rere want to know to cooked and wanna be the good wife. The third short story Pertemuan Kunang-Kunang happened in the night where Amelia and Jaka met for the first time in the garden. The fourth short story Reuni happened in Lili’s college in the day. But also in the night when Lili and Lexa debated about their story when the study in college. And the last short story My Sister’s Wedding happened in many place. There were in Anastasia’s house, also in Prancis when Anastasia wrote the letter for her young sister that married with her own husband.

2. Participants

The participants in first story namely Azka as the main character, Alan as the man who admired by Azka that is also her fellow, then there is Arina as their friend. The participants of the second short story namely Rere as the main character, Reno as Rere’s brother, Reno as the men of the story, Reno’s mother, Nina her office friend. The participants of the third short story namely Amalia, Jaka, and Ben. The participants of the fourth short story namely Lili, Lexa, Windi, Deva, Ryan, Merta, and Nadia. The participants of the fifth short story namely Anastasia, Sebastian Natanael, Andrea, and mother.

3. Ends

The ends of the first story namely to give us information that everybody will change. It means that a men is not forever be like a men that we knew before. When we separated and then met again in next time, we’ll find that the men will different than before. The ends of the second short story namely to give us information that we can be the people good if we want to try hard for it. The ends of the third short story namely we can’t predict how about our next story later. The ends of the fourth short story namely as bad as the people, there is a time to change to be good one. The ends of the last short story namely we must forgive and love our dear, even they hurt us.

4. Act of Sequence

In this all short story, tell in narrative story. Every writer’s of short story tell their story by their own way and every short story that created by different people is the short story that easy to understand by the people who read it. In the first short story, the short story tell in flashback plot. In the second short story tell the story by advance plot alur maju. The third short story tell by flashbach plot alur maju mundur. The forth story tell by flashback plot also alur maju mundur and the last short story tell by flashbach plot also.

5. Key

From the first short story we can see that the writer tell about their each life before Azka and Alan met, and it without their friend Arina. Then the writer tell about Azka that interested to Alan which change become a entertainer and have the new life than before. And at last the writer tell that Between the three of them have the new life, and that third life is different. The second story told by the writer by introduce the main character namely Rere that have the willing to become the good wife for her husband later because she get the challenge from her brother Deny. The writer told that Rere try as hard she can and then from her food she met with her prince. The third short story tell by the writer by introduce Amalia that is feel bad with her feeling and face the big problem. Then, she find Jaka in the same garden and both of them have the bad feeling. At last they met and be friend for a while but at last they separated. Amalia just can to remember all the story without able life with him. The fourth short story tell by the reuni that done by college and Lili come to the meeting. There she met with Lexa her lesbian friend when they study in the campus. The last short story tell about the letter that wrote by Anastasia for her sister Andrea. The letter tell about she has gone to prancis because Andrea her sister must married with Sebastian her husband. It because Andrea pregnant because of her husband Sebastian.

6. Instrumentalities

The writers of the short story use written language to tell their each short story.

7. Norm of Interaction and Interpretation

The writers of the short story tell their own story by own way. The first, third, fourth, and the fifth short story tell by flashback way. It means that the writer tell it from the middle story, then to the start of the story and the ending of the story, but in the second the writer tell it from the start then in to the middle and then the ending of the story. All of the story can understand by the readers well.

8. Genres

The genres of the short story namely talk about love. There is love that can’t reach, there is love that is forbidden, there is love that is hurt the main character itself. But it all about love.

4.2 Findings