20
Additionality.
Activities claiming REDD credits must show that reduced deforestation rates attributed to the project would not have occurred in the
absence of carbon finance. A number of additionality tests exist under the CDM and voluntary standards that can be used to test for additionality under REDD
2.3 Historic Deforestation and GHG Emissions 2000-2005
2.3.1 Introduction
Past estimates of ndonesia s national greenhouse gas emissions from loss of forest cover are based on land cover change estimates from mapping exercises
that were not designed to be used for the purpose of developing a REL for REDD. This resulted in estimates to date with large uncertainty. Global estimates of the
national sources and sinks of carbon from land-use change such as the widely- quoted World Resources nstitute Climate Analysis ndicators Tools CAT are
uncertain on the order of +- for large fluxes, largely due to uncertainties
in the area of forest loss as well as uncertainties in the carbon stocks of tropical forests see http:cait.wri.orgdownloadsDN-LUCF.pdf .
n recent years, however, new information for ndonesia has been produced by the Ministry of Forestry that enable improvements in estimates of emissions levels
at the national level. This includes: systematic monitoring of change in forest cover over longer time frame,
- , and updated land cover mapping. Based on this information, and other relevant published data, a first-order calculation
of the emissions from loss of forest cover for the years - was performed
to develop an improved basis for setting a REL for REDD. The PCC Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry
LULUCF provides methods for estimating, measuring, monitoring, and reporting
on carbon stock changes and greenhouse gas emissions from LULUCF activities. This first-order calculation for forest cover loss provides estimates for emissions
for - based on the best available data and a clear method, and contributes
to a better understanding of the contribution of different forest cover processes to the emissions. The method further follows the PCC LULUCF guidance. A central
goal of this calculation was to provide more detailed information, thus a higher tier approach, using methods that are documented, repeatable, reliable, and with
reduced uncertainty. The development of the methodology will steer improved data collection for superior, reliable, and credible estimates of emissions in the
future.
2.3.2 Methods used to determine historic emissions
