Integrating management on Forest land.

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4.4.2 Integrating management on Forest land.

The Forestry Law, Act , introduced a broader range of concepts of forest resources use than had previously existed. n particular these extra uses included the concept of environmental services, e.g., as these relate to water regulation, and also reference to the carbon trade under the climate regime. The Act also introduced a more flexible approach to relationships with local communities and customary land and resource access issues. Starting with the Government Regulation PP , the Ministry of Forestry has been developing the means to effectively implement the Act by specifying concepts, licenses and permitting authorities and procedures. This process was significantly advanced when PP was replaced by PP and its amendments in PP . The latter Government Regulations introduced a series of specific community-based forest access licenses, discussed earlier in this report, and also introduced the forest spatial planning instrument known as the Forest Management Unit kesatuan pengelolaan hutan, KP . KP provides a means to rationalize spatial planning of forest functional uses to optimize harmony and ensure improved and potentially integrated ecosystem- scale management decisions, involving more than one forest function. KP also provides for multi-stakeholder approaches to management consistent with the new, broader range of uses for which forests might be put. An important element of the legislation related to KP is that each one is to be administered by a technical unit, comprising multi-stakeholder interests. The head of the KP will be chosen according to the spatial scale of the forest unit and consistent with the devolution of authorities under regional autonomy. Thus where the boundaries of a KP lie within a local government District, the ead will be appointed by the Bupati; where a KP crosses District boundaries the ead will be appointed by the Governor and where the KP crosses provincial boundaries the ead will be appointed by the Minister of Forestry. Funding for the operation of the KP will be provided from the national and regional annual budget and from other non-binding sources, which could presumably include income from REDD carbon trading based upon a REDD project encompassing a single KP. The introduction of the concept of KP is therefore very timely as it represents a further means of linking the interests of central government and local government through a concrete management agency focused on definable ecosystem or landscape boundaries. t provides an administrative infrastructure through which a national REDD scheme could be implemented through projects defined and managed at various sub-national scales. 109

4.5 Options for strategic management intervention