4.2.2 Gerunds as Subject
The percentage of error on the use of gerunds as subject is 46.71. It takes the second position after gerunds used in the negative adjective ‘No’. There was only
one respondent S-36 whose percentage of error in using gerunds as subject was 100. From three numbers of questions, his answers were all incorrect. It was caused
by not applying subject properly. In this case, subject must be derived from verb
1
+ - ing that is called gerund, but he used verb
1
functioning as subject. It is called interlingual error. The errors occur due to the fact that his native language
Indonesian has no such form and rule like the target language English. A verb may function as a noun, and in English it can be formed by adding the suffix –ing to the
verb that is called gerund. In Indonesian, there is no change in its form. For detailed information, see Chapter 1 page 6.
4.2.3 Gerunds as Subjective Complements
The percentage of error on the use of gerunds as subjective complement is 32.82. There was one respondent S-20 who made 100 error. After being
analyzed, it was found that the error belonged to interlingual error. She used verb
1
as subjective complement. Subjective complement should be occupied by noun; and to
make a noun, the verb
1
must be added by –ing. For example question part II- Translation number 2.
Kegemaran Tommy mengoleksi perangko. Answer
: Tommy’s hobby is collect stamps.
Correct answer: Tommy’s hobby is collecting stamps.
4.2.4 Gerunds as Direct Objects
It can be seen from the table of data analysis that the percentage of error in using gerunds as direct objects is 31.29. There was no respondent whose percentage
of error in using gerund as direct objects was 100. The highest of percentage of error in using gerunds as direct objects was 80. Respondent S-20 made 80 error
in using gerunds as direct objects. For example, question of the text ‘Mary Had a Little Lamb’ number 5.
Aleko denied take
5
it and led Dimitri into his backyard. Answer
: to take Correct answer: taking
The error was caused by ignorance of rule restriction; she ignored the rule that the word ‘deny’ should be followed by gerund object Verb
1
+ -ing.
4.2.5 Gerunds as Object of Preposition
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