Differences between Error and Mistakes
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which part of the target language students have most difficulty producing correctly and which error types detract from a learner’s ability to communicate
effectively
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. In this case, one of the best ways to know more about error, the writer tries
to write the types of error from some sources. One of linguist such as Brown differs the types of error, they are:
a. Addition. For example: ‘does can he sing’ in English a dodoes auxiliary
may be added. b.
Omission. For example: ‘I have pen’ a definite article omitted. c.
Substitution. For example: ‘I lost my road’ an item substituted. d.
Ordering. For example: ‘I to the store went’ a word order confused
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. Meanwhile, Dulai gives taxonomy highlight of types of error, they are:
a. Omission
. Omission errors are characterized by the absence of an item that must appear in a well-formed utterance.
b. Addition
. Addition errors are the opposite of omission. They are characterized by the presence of the item which must not appear in a well-
formed utterance. Addition errors have three types too, they are: 1 Double marking. For example: ‘he doesn’t knows my name’ present tense is
marked in the auxiliary and the verb. 2 Regularization. For example: the verb ‘eat’ doesn’t become ‘eated’ but ‘ate’.
3 Simple addition. For example: ‘in over here’. c.
Misformation . Misformation errors are characterized by the use of the
wrong form of the morpheme or structure. As in the case of addition, misformations are usually not random. Misformations heve three types, they
are: 1 Regularization errors that fall under the misformation category are those in
which a regular marker is used in place of an irregular one, as in falled for fell or gooses for geese.
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Dulay, Burt, and Krashen. loc. cit.
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Douglas, op. cit., p. 169.
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2 Archi-forms. The selection of one member of a class of forms to represent others in the class is a common characteristic of all stages of second language
acquisition. For example: that dogs for those dogs. 3 Alternating forms. As the learner’s vocabulary and grammar grow, the use of
archi-forms often gives way to the apparently fairly free alternation of various members of a class with each other. For example: those dog, this cats.
d. Misordering
. Misordering errors are characterized by the incorrect placement of a morpheme or group of morphemes in an utterance. For
example: he is all the time late all the time is misordered
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.