CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAME WORK
A. Interference
In the open society where the members accept the arrival of other society members, there will occur what is called as a language contact. The language from those who accepts
the arrival and from those who comes later will influence each other. The uppermost thing from this language contact is the presence of bilingualism and multilingualism with its
various cases such as interference, integration, code switch, and code mixing. In the bilingual or multilingual society, the presence of language contact and culture
contact caused many cases of interference, integration, code switch, and code mixing occurrence. These four elements indicate the same phenomena; it is the presence of other
language used. What is meant as interference is the appearance of other language unsure into the language used, so that appears any rule deviance from the language used.
According to Uriel Weinrich, the definition if interference is : … Those instances of deviation from the norms of either language shich occur in
the speech of bilinguals as a result of thir familiarity with more than one language. i.e. as a result of language contact, will be referred to as interference phenomena.
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Weinreich sees that language influence as an effect of language contact in its application by bilinguals causes grammatical rule deviation. This deviation identified then
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Weinrich, Uriel, Language in contact.The Hague Paris Mouton 1974 p.1
in the term of interference. Interference happen in the linguistics levels; phonology, morphology, syntax, till lexicon level.
Interference occurs if a speaker while in studying some target language identifies the phoneme in the target language with his native language phoneme. For example,
Javanese speakers speak some Indonesian words begin with b, d, j, and g consonant, so those consonant will be preceded by nasal sound. Those, the word ‘Bogor’ will be
spoken ‘Mbogor’, the word ‘Depok’ will be spoken ‘Ndepok’. Interference also occurs in grammatical and lexicon level. In lexicon will occur the used of some words of other
language into the language used either a local language of a foreign language.
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Interference phenomena can be viewed in three dimensions; those are dimension of language performance, named as performance interference. This language performance
often happens during the people are still studying a foreign language the second dimension is systemic interference; is usually called as borrowing, which linked tightly to the cultural
diffusion. For example, the word ‘pinsil’ in Indonesian can be traced back to the word ‘pencil’ in English. Another word, ‘huruf‘also can be traced back to Arabic ‘harfun’.
And the third dimension is the dimension of language learning; learning interference.
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In language teaching, the most influencing language is the mother language of the speaker, while the language influenced is the learned language target language.
Interference according to Weinrich happens in two forms, both are:
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Chair, Abdul, Lingistik Umum. Jakarta : Rineka Cipta, 2003 p. 67
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Nababan, PWJ, Sosialinguistik Jakarta : PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. 1991 p. 35
1. Interference in the speech happens to bilinguals as the effect if their recognition of other language.
2. Interference in language, often happen in a bilingual speech which have been a habit and have been also constructed in his mind.
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B. Language and Term
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