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i. Break the surface of the pavement as a result of alligator cracks.
ii. Turn the place of the surface layer of paving.
iii. The presence of moisture and do accelerate the movement from the
emergence of drilling.
2.3.4 Surface patches
2.3.4.1 Patching
a. Description
A patch is an area of pavement which has been replaced with new material to repair the existing pavement see Figure 2.17. A patch is considered a defect no matter
how well it is performing a patched area or adjacent area usually does not perform as well as an original pavement section ASTM D6433.
Figure 2.17 Patching GTC, 1998
b. Severity levels
Low level of intensity L: is the level that affects the quality of a simple
command and where the patching in good condition.
Medium level of intensity M: patch is moderately deteriorated and ride quality
is rated as medium severity.
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Higher level of intensity H: patch is badly deteriorated and ride quality is rated
as high severity. Patch needs replacement maintenance needs to be immediate.
c. How to Measure
If a hole more than 750 is scaled mm Surface Area and then divided by 0.5 half a meter box to find the equivalent number of craters, but if the depth of excavation
is less than 25 mm are considered moderate, and high intensity in the case of depth of more than 25 mm .
d. Possible causes
Possible reasons include a defect patching traffic loads, not controlling the quality of materials or poor implementation of re-filling and the poor operation of asphalt.
2.3.4.2 Utility Cut Patching Services Patches
a. Description
Services patching is a manifestation of urban roads in cities and villages, which include telephone services, electricity, water and sanitation, which are characterized
along the length which could be up to the length of the road itself, in addition to patching sewer inspection chambers to be localized and deployed anywhere in the
road surface. Figure 2.18 Services Patches. The disadvantages of such patches affect the quality of leadership and these defects
include the following: i.
Longitudinal and Edge cracks. ii.
Depression. iii.
Potholes. iv.
Raveling and Weathering Erosion.
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Figure 2.18 Services Patches GTC, 1998
b. Severity levels
Low level of intensity L: is the level that affects the quality of a simple
command and where the patching in good condition.
Medium level of intensity M: is the level that affects the average level of quality
leadership and where patching deteriorating moderate deterioration.
Higher level of intensity H: level is severely affecting the quality of leadership
and where patching deteriorates significantly and maintenance needs to be immediate.
c. How to Measure
