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in the creativity of the artist or analyze the fictional character’s motivation and behavior. It is clear, that literature and psychology are two different fields, but
they influence each other. Literature may contain the application of the psychology rule in the work 93.
2.3. Theoretical Framework
I apply five basic theories to help in solving the problem in this study, namely Theory of Character; Theory Behavior and Motivation, Theory
Relationship and Friendship and The Relationship between Psychological and Literature. Those theories are used in order to reveal the subject matter I want to
discuss in this thesis so that I will get the deeper understanding about the theories to help to finish the thesis.
I explore the characteristic of the main character through the way he thinks, speeches and actions use Theory of Character and Characterization. This
way will make the love that is presented through their characteristic revealed easily.
The deeper understanding of Theory of Motivations used to give a brief explanation about motivation. The motivation of the main characters in the novel
is presented from his speech, thought and action. This way will make it easy to find out the motivations that can cause the main characters in the novel feel
comfortable to be friends. Talking about relationship Leo Buscaglia states that: Relationship seldom
dies because they suddenly have no live left in them. They wither slowly either
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because people do not understand how much or what kind of upkeep, time, work, love and caring is required or because people are too lazy or afraid to try. A
relationship is a living thing, it needs and benefits from the same attention to detail that an artist lavishes on his art 193.
Theory of friendship is used to find out what kind of relationship that they have. It has motivated Mitch and Morrie to see each other again. The relationship
between psychology and literature in used to give a brief explanation about relation between those different field, psychology and literature, so that the
readers can understand that actually, these two fields complete each other.
2.4. Criticism
Tuesdays with Morrie is a non-fiction story which is based on the Author’s own experiences. This novel has 192 pages and divided into 27 chapters. It is
printed in the United States of America, published by Double day, New York. Tuesdays with Morrie has been published in thirty one languages in thirty six
countries and it was bestseller in Japan, Australia, Brazil, and England. Besides Tuesdays with Morrie, Mitch Albom also published eight books,
including the New York Times bestseller The Five People You meet in Heaven, and the phenomenal bestseller Tuesdays With Morrie, Live Albom I 1987, Live
Albom II 1990, Live Albom III 1992, Live Albom IV 1995 the autobiography of Bo Schembechler co-written with Schembechler and also a
New York Times bestseller, and Fab Five the story of the University of
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Michigans famed mens basketball recruits who all became starters as freshmen during the early 1990s.
Tuesdays with Morrie’s popularity is continued by the film version of it. The film won the EMMY awards in 2000. It also won “The best actor” and “The
best supporting actor” NN http:www.albom.commorrie.htm accessed on March 31
st
, 2007 at 14 p.m.. Although Tuesdays with Morrie is a best selling novel in many countries,
but it still gets many reactions from public. In 1978, Professor Morrie Schwartz was facilitating an unusual class in sociology at Brandeis University. They called
it “Group Process.” In this class they study how to interact with other people in areas such as anger, jealousy, sensitivity, trust and many things.
http:en.wikipedia.orgwiki Tuesdays with Morrie accessed on October 15
th
, 2007 at 14.06 p.m.:
“We are to stand, facing away from our classmates and fall backward, relying on another student to catch us. Most of us are uncomfortable with
this, and we cannot let go for more than five inches before we stopping ourselves. We laugh in embarrassment. Finally, one student crosses her
arms over her chest, leans back, and does not flinch, like one of those Lipton iced tea commercials where the model splashes into the pool.
For a moment, I am sure that she is going to thump on the floor. At last instant, her assigned partner grabs her head and shoulder and yanks her up
harshly. ‘Whoa Several students yell. Some clap. Morrie smiles.
‘You see He says to the girl, ‘you closed your eyes. That was the difference. Sometimes you cannot believe what you see; you have to
believe what you feel. And if you ever are going to have people trust you, you must feel that you can trust them too even when you’re in
the dark. Even when you’re falling.”
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If someone wants others to trust him or her, he has to be able to trust others. If someone is untrusting, that usually means that someone is not
completely trustworthy either. The faults someone accuse others can often be found within himself or herself. How we can trust someone if we do not know
what sort person he is, people cannot trust someone that easy. Nothing in this world will be what people want it to be, so when we trust someone it is possible if
he or she will cheat on us. As
the 20
th
century Torah Scholar, Rabbi Eliyahu Dessler, describes: “when you see a fault in others, turn the thinking and analysis to yourself. If you
don’t have the entire fault, you probably have it slightly. And even if the weakness never pondered it, you almost certainly saw someone else doing it and
you were pleased.”Michtav M’Eliyahu, volume 5, page 123. Rabbi Desslar suggests that whenever someone wishes to criticize others,
someone should project the criticism upon himself. It is impossible to detect anything around us unless someone is sensitive to it. It is only talented artist who
can see the beauty of something that would otherwise go unnoticed to a layman. It is only someone who has experienced some level of pride and arrogance within
himself will notice pride and arrogance in others. Talmud says “Remove the crossbeam from between our own eyes” before
someone chooses to censure others Baba Batra 15b. There is a Torah Principles from our Sages that only sincere criticism has a chance of being effective-“ words
spoken from the heart enter the heart” and unless someone first rid himself of the weakness he sees in other, someone ‘s criticism will not be accepted.
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It does not mean that you have to be a perfect person, but at least you become someone better. You know how to interact with people and how to treat
people as a human. You do not need to think about others foibles because everybody has his or her own foibles. People say no body in this world is perfect.
You do not need to talk about people’s faults behind their back. You have your own fault which can be worse than people you talk about so before you talk about
someone’s weakness you would better reflect it to yourselves. You are not even better than people you talk about. It is better for people to think about their own
self and how to fix every single mistake that he or she had done.
2.5. Context of the Novel
