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movie. Furthermore, the third step, the writer analyzes the data based on the theory.
4. Instrument of The Research
The instrument of this research is the writer herself as a research subject. As the main instrument, the writer will obtain and analyze the
required data in various ways, such as reading, identifying, and grouping the dialogue and making it as data to analysis by using pragmatics
approach. Then, she analyzed the type and the usage of deixis based on the context of utterance.
5. Unit of Analysis
The unit of analysis in this study the writer usage the Mirror Mirror movie script by Lisa Wallack and Jason Keller, produced by
Goldmann and Josh Pateyang released on March 16, 2012.
6. Time and Place of the Research
This research was held on the 8
th
semester in 2013, in English and Letters Department, Letters and Humanities Faculty, State Islamic
University of Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, and several libraries that support the theory and reference materials as well as the writer needed, other
information media elements, and also other related places to get some better references to support the analysis of the data.
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CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A. Deixis in Semantics and Pragmatics
Semantics and pragmatics is the study of meaning in language. According to Kreidler, semantic is the study of how languages organize and
express meaning, and pragmatics is another branch of linguistics that is concerned with meaning.
7
Meanwhile Levinson state that semantic is the study of ‗the relations of signs to the object to which the signs are applicable‘,
and pragmatics is the study of the relation of signs to interpreters.
8
Pragmatics and semantics can be viewed as different parts, or different aspects, of the same general study. Both are concerned with people‘s ability to
use language meaningfully. While semantics is mainly concerned with a speaker‘s competence to use the language system in producing meaningful
utterances and processing comprehending utterances produced by others, the chief focus of pragmatics is a person‘s ability to derive meanings from
specific kinds of speech situations —to recognize what the speaker is referring
to, to relate new information to what has gone before, to interpret what is said from background knowledge about the speaker and the topic of discourse, and
to infer or ‗fill in‘ information that the speaker takes for granted and doesn‘t bother to say.
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Without some semantic knowledge of the language we wouldn‘t be able to explain the difference in meaning between I and you, but
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Charles W. Kreidler, Introducing English Semantics New York: Routledge, 1998, pp. 3-18
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Stepen C. Levinson , Cognitive anthropology London: Cambridge University Press, 1995 p.1
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Kreidler, 1998, op.cit, pp. 18-19
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