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1. Gestural Deixis
Huang explain that Gestural use can be properly interpreted only by a direct, moment by moment monitoring of some physical aspects of a
speech event.
43
Huang ‘s statement also strengthened by Levinson by
saying that terms used in a gestural deictic way can only be interpreted with reference to an audio-visual-tactile, and in general physical,
monitoring of the speech event.
44
These statements mean that when the speaker talks by pointing something or someone, the hearer has to discover
the speaker‘s body movement. In the clearest cases, the hearer is able to see the speaker and their gestures. The example of gestural deixis:
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This one‘s genuine, but this one is a fake
At the example, the speaker wants to point the different something is genuine or fake. He uses his body movement such as with eyes or
pointing eith finger to explain to the hearer.
2. Symbolic Deixis
Huang state that interpretation of the symbolic use of deictic expressions only involves knowing the basic spatio-temporal parameter of
the speech event. If you hear someone uttering, you do not expect the utterance to be accompanied by any physical indication of the referent.
Provided that you know the general location of the speaker, you can understand it without any problem.
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The hearer has to know what kinds of
43
Huang, 2007, Op.cit, p. 134
44
Levinson, 1983, Op.cit, p.65
45
Ibid, p.65
46
Huang, 2007, Op.cit, p. 134
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context and who is the participants which involved in an utterance. Similar with Levinson which says that symbolic usages make reference only to
contextual co-ordinates available to participants antecedents to the utterance.
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This town is famous for its small antiques shop. In the example sentences above, both the hearer and the speaker
have known the context of it. In other word, they have the same interpretation of their conversation. The information about the place they
have is clear, and then they do not need to describe it anymore. This is what makes it different between gestural deixis and symbolic deixis. When
gestural deixis needs to watch closely, hear, and even by touch, symbolic deixis does not need those things. The important thing is both the speaker
and the hearer have known the context of referent.
47
Levinson, 1983. Op.cit, pp.65-66
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