M. Clay, G. M. Kelle, and F. G. Riddell, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 95, 4632 1973. R. Durig, G. A. Guirgis, and D. A. C. Compton, Phys. Chem., 83, 1313-1323 1979. J. Krueger and J. Jan, Can. J. Chem., 48, 3229-3235 1970. J. Crowley, M. J. T. Robinson, and M. G.

26 .

P. Huber-Wälchi and Hs. H. Günthard, Chem. Phys. Lett., 30, 347-351. This result and the

cited uncertainty were obtained from the relative intensity vs. 1T plots in Fig. 3. The authors appear to incorrectly label their determinations as ∆ G. 27. K. T. Hirano, S. Nonoyama, T. Miyajima, Y. Kurita, T. Kawamura, and H. Sato, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1986, 606-607. 28 .

W. C. Harris, J. R. Holtzclaw, and V. F. Kalasinsky, J. Chem. Phys., 67, 3330-3338 1977.

29 . Average of values in Table 5 of: K. Kveseth, Acta Chem. Scand. A, 29, 307-311 1975. 30 .

K. Tanabe, Spectrochim. Acta, 28A, 407-424 1972. An entropy difference calculated from

symmetry numbers, moments of inertia, and vibrational frequencies was used to correct the measured free-energy difference. 31 . J. R. Durig, S. E. Godbey, and J. F. Sullivan, J. Chem. Phys., 80, 5983-5993 1984. 32 .

E. Hirota, J. Chem. Phys., 37, 283-291 1962.

33 .

W. A. Herrebout and B. J. van der Veken, J. Phys. Chem., 100, 9671-9677 1996. I thank

Dr. Michael Beachy Schrodinger for supplying this reference. 34 . K. Yamanouchi, M. Sugie, H. Takeo, C. Matsumura, and K. Kuchitsu, J. Phys. Chem., 88, 2315-2323 1984. An entropy difference calculated from moments of inertia and vibrational frequencies was used to correct the measured free-energy difference of -0.12 kcalmol. 35 .

A. J. de Hoog, H. R. Buys, C. Altona, and E. Havinga, Tetrahedron, 25, 3365-3375 1969.

Position of the equilibrium as a function of temperature was determined from conformationally averaged nmr coupling constants. 36 .

R. M. Clay, G. M. Kelle, and F. G. Riddell, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 95, 4632 1973.

37 . J. R. Durig, G. A. Guirgis, and D. A. C. Compton, J. Phys. Chem., 83, 1313-1323 1979. 38 .

P. J. Krueger and J. Jan, Can. J. Chem., 48, 3229-3235 1970.

39 . Average of values for nonpolar solvents cited in H. Booth and M. L. Jozefowicz, J. Chem. Soc., Perkins Trans. II, 895-901 1976. 40 . R. W. Baldock and A. R. Katritzky, J. Chem. Soc. B, 1470-1477 1968; see also R. A. Y. Jones, A. R. Katritzky, A. C. Richards, R. J. Wyatt, R. J. Bishop, and L. E. Sutton, J. Chem. Soc. B, 127-131 1970. 41 .

P. J. Crowley, M. J. T. Robinson, and M. G. Ward, Tetrahedron, 33, 915-925 1977.

Kinetically-controlled protonation was used to trap conformers in quaternary salt form for nmr analysis. 42 . R. K. Kakar, and C. R. Quade, J. Chem. Phys., 72, 4300-4307 1980. 43 . J. R. Durig, W. E. Bucy, C. J. Wurrey, and L. A. Carriera, J. Phys. Chem., 79, 988-993 1975. The authors note that the value chosen for ∆ H depends on the choice for a key line assignment. 44 .

H. L. Fang and R. L. Swofford, Chem. Phys. Lett., 105, 5-11 1984. Signal detection was by

photoacoustic spectroscopy. 45 . E. Hirota, as cited in W. A. Lathan, L. Radom, W. J. Hehre, and J. A. Pople, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 95, 699-703 1973. The reference to relative microwave intensities with no reference to temperature dependence suggests that this measurement is ∆ G, presumably corrected for the two- fold statistical factor favoring the gauche conformer. For the preliminary study, see: S. Kondo and E. Hirota, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 34, 97-107 1970. No follow-up study seems to have appeared. 46 . E. L. Eliel and E. C. Gilbert, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 91, 5487-5495 1969. The cited value was