ISBN : 978-602-17761-4-8
21
Proceedings of 2
nd
REPTech Crowne Plaza Hotel, Bandung, November 15-17, 2016
© 2016 Published by Center for Pulp and Paper through 2
nd
REPTech
7. Dimensional Stability
The test results of dimensional stability can be seen in Table 6, from the analysis of variance it turns out that the concentration of sodium chloracetate, sodium hydroxide, and the batching time of
impregnation effect on dimensional change in washing and dimensional stability of fabric The higher of sodium chloracetate and sodium hydroxide concentration and the longer batching
time of impregnation, the dimensional stability change shrinkage produced is greater. In Table 6, it appears the polyestercellulose fabric carboxymethylation process, that have been done can increasing
dimensional stability of the fabric, that means the fabric is increasingly shrinkage towards the warp and weft direction fabric, so that the fabric more stable [13].It is because cellulose and polyester degraded, sodium
chloracetate is an acidic salt and sodium hydroxide is a strong alkaline. The degradation caused initial modulus of the fabric is reduced, resulting in dimensional change increased. Beside this sodium hydroxide
treatment will cause cellulose iber swollen and shrink after washing and shrink again after drying, the iber becomes more stable. The increasing concentrations of sodium chloracetate, sodium hydroxide and
batching time of impregnation are causing degradation of the iber. Substitution of the hydroxyl group by Carboxymethylation group can add hydrogen bonds that would be increasing the hydrogen bonding in
amorphous. Furthermore, the dimensional stability testing, the resulting shrinkage smaller means the fabric more stable. Highest dimensional stability results obtained in the use of a concentration of 2N sodium
chloracetate, 8N sodium hydroxide and 2 hours batching time of impregnation the result are 0.58 warp direction to 0.16 weft direction dimensional stability of the fabric.
8. Stiffness
The stiffness of warp and weft direction fabric can be seen in Table 7; from the analysis of variance it turned out that the concentration of sodium chloracetate, sodium hydroxide, batching time of
impregnation effect on the stiffness of the fabric. Table 6. Dimensional Stability of Warp and Weft Direction Fabric
Batching hours
Sodium Hydroxide N
Sodium Chloracetate N Warp Direction
Weft Direction 2
3 4
2 3
4 2
6 1.02
1.20 1.42
0.94 1.18
1.23 8
0.58 1.02
1.33 0.16
0.44 0.50
10 1.00
1.50 2.25
0.25 0.66
1.25 12
1.11 1.57
2.26 0.36
0.72 1.26
4 6
1.18 1.34
1.82 1.18
1.20 1.34
8 1.10
1.42 1.81
0.33 0.48
0.58 10
1.23 1.92
2.47 0.42
0.85 1.33
12 1.32
1.96 2.49
0.47 0.87
1.35 6
6 1.42
1.84 1.89
1.18 1.28
1.34 8
1.25 1.83
1.86 0.42
0.58 1.08
10 1.61
2.25 2.83
0.66 0.92
1.92 12
1.65 2.29
2.87 0.71
0.96 1.97
8 6
1.42 2.20
2.30 1.18
1.34 1.73
8 1.42
1.85 2.03
0.42 1.16
1.33 10
1.74 2.27
3.25 0.98
1.50 2.17
12 1.79
2.31 3.28
1.00 1.53
2.21 10
6 1.60
2.78 2.57
1.23 1.67
2.07 8
1.50 2.17
2.58 1.08
1.63 2.00
10 1.86
2.85 3.25
1.16 1.83
3.00 12
1.91 2.88
3.31 1.19
1.88 3.09
Raw Material 1.36
1.10
ISBN : 978-602-17761-4-8
22
Proceedings of 2
nd
REPTech Crowne Plaza Hotel, Bandung, November 15-17, 2016
© 2016 Published by Center for Pulp and Paper through 2
nd
REPTech
Table 7. Stiffness of Warp and Weft Direction Fabric mg.cm Batching
hours Sodium Hydroxide N
Sodium Chloracetate N Warp Direction
Weft Direction 2
3 4
2 3
4 2
6 53
55 63
21 23
28 8
48 49
59 19
22 24
10 44
47 61
20 23
23 12
48 50
61 21
23 25
4 6
55 57
64 25
29 32
8 52
52 61
25 27
29 10
48 53
62 20
24 26
12 49
54 63
23 25
28 6
6 57
59 68
30 34
35 8
55 57
65 27
29 31
10 50
53 63
23 26
33 12
53 55
66 25
28 34
8 6
62 63
70 37
38 46
8 57
59 67
31 35
38 10
54 66
68 29
34 35
12 57
67 71
30 36
36 10
6 65
68 79
37 42
47 8
60 66
76 33
39 43
10 68
67 71
30 35
36 12
69 70
73 32
37 37
Raw material 75
46 On the table 7 shown that the polyestercellulose carboxymethylation process has inluenced to fabric stiffness.
The higher of sodium chloracetate concentration, the fabric stiffness is getting higher and the higher of sodium hydroxide concentration, the fabric stiffness is getting lower than before treatment. The smallest fabric stiffness in
the use concentration of 2N sodium choracetate, 8N sodium hydroxide and 2 hours batching time of impregnation is 48 mg.cm to the warp direction and the combination of the use of 2N sodium chloroasetat, 10N sodium
hydroxide and 2 hours batching time of impregnation, the result 19 mg.cm of weft direction of fabric stiffness. As previously explained that the treatment with sodium chloracetate cause the fabric becomes denser and stiffer,
while the treatment with sodium hydroxide causing erosionhydrolysis on the surface of the polyester iber so that the iber cross-section is thinner so that the fabric becomes softer [2, 3], because the fabric is getting soft then the
fabric is easier and faster to make curved, that means the fabric stiffness will be decreased. Besides that, the stiffness of the fabric is also determined by the fabric construction include pick density
number of yarncm. Polyester surface abrasion on the fabric by a sodium hydroxide solution will cause the thread diameter gets smaller and pick of Warp weft density of fabrics declined, so the construction of the fabric becomes
rarer, the consequence fabric stiffness will be decreased. [13]. Polyester-cellulose iber blends 65 -35 were processed Carboxymethylation processed, on the part of the polyester iber and cellulose has a degree of crystalline
different. In the process of erosion of the amorphous iber parts polyester will be attacked by sodium hydroxide so
that the degradation becomes more and more, while the amorphous cellulose ibers will be attacked by the sodium chloracetate that is increasing iber damage, therefore the higher the concentration of chemical substances stiffness
of the fabric will tend to decline.
9. Determination for Optimal Conditions of Carboxymethylation Process with Pad Batch Method
