30 The last step was making the conclusion of the study. I made conclusion of
the study after answering the questions in the problem formulation. The conclusion was the findings in the analysis and suggestion that was useful for the
readers to use parts of Totto-chan: The Little Girl at the Window as teaching learning materials for the second semester students of the English Language
Education Study Program.
31
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS
This chapter discusses the answer of questions that are formulated in the problem formulation. The discussion is divided into two sections. The first section
is the analysis on the seven principles of Bushido in the novel. The second section is the analysis on the manifest of seven principles of Bushido in the main
character, Totto-chan. Each analysis is discussed using the theories that are stated in the review of related theories.
4.1 How the Seven Principles of Bushido are Revealed in Tetsuko Kuroyanagi’s Totto-chan: the Little Girl at the Window
Every country has their guidance in ruling the country. One of the interesting guidance is the guidance that the Japanese have. The guidance that the
Japanese society believes is called Bushido. Bushido has seven important values and each value has deep meaning to the Japanese. What makes Bushido
interesting is that those principles were very famous in the samurai era as their guidance in a war or in the life of samurai. Moreover, it was an unwritten code.
Even though Bushido was an unwritten code and samurai era was over, the Japanese society still holds it until now because they believe in the power of those
principles in their life. As a value that Japanese society believes, the seven principles of Bushido
are also revealed in the novel in some ways. Those principles can be identified by
32 analyzing the dialogues and actions of the characters in the novel. Since it is
talking about something that a society believes, I use the socio-cultural-historical approach to find the seven principles in the novel. These are the seven principles
of Bushido in the novel:
4.1.1 Gi
The first value in Bushido is Gi. It means rectitude or justice. They have to be able to make a decision in every situation whether it is good or bad. It has deep
meaning for Japanese. This novel tells us about a young girl named Totto-chan who has very unique characteristics.
Somehow those characters bring so much trouble for Totto-chan at school. One of the effects is Totto-chan is expelled from the old school. It becomes Totto-
chan’s mother concern. The reason Mother worried was because although Totto- chan had only just started school, she had already been expelled. Fancy being
expelled from the first grade 11 After Mother gets some explanations from Totto-chan’s homeroom
teacher, Mother thinks she has to do something to Totto-chan. It is not fair for the other students at school being disturbed with Totto-chan actions. Mother decides
to find another school which can understand Totto-chan and teach to get along with other people 16.
After searching everywhere, Mother finds out that there is a school which may be suitable for her only daughter. The school name is Tomoe Gakuen.
Mother takes Totto-chan to Tomoe. She hopes Tomoe Gakuen will accept Totto- chan as a student.
