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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, in order to answer the research questions as mentioned in chapter I, the researcher would like to discuss the method used in this research.
This chapter contains some parts. They are research method, research setting, research participants, research instruments and data gathering technique, data
analysis technique, and research procedure.
A. Research Method
Since this research is aimed to find out the students’ perceptions on the use of group discussion and their engagement in the speaking sessions of CLS I at
ELESP of Sanata Dharma University, researcher used quantitative research. According to Creswel 2014 taken from Ganita’s thesis in 2011, quantitative
research is a process of collecting data, analysing, interpreting, and writing the result of the study. The information was emphasized in the form of numbers. The
data were collected in a form of quantitative data. The researcher gathered the data by using survey method. According to
Fraenkel Wallen 1998, survey method is a study which enables the researcher to collect the information from a group of people to describe abilities, opinions,
28 beliefs, and or knowledge p. 389. Since the researcher intended to know the
perceptions of English Language Education Study Program students in the speaking sessions of Critical Listening and Speaking I in the 20142015 academic
year, the survey method was conducted. Fraenkel Wallen 2008 state “The
major purpose of survey method is to describe the characteristics of a popul ation”
p. 390. In this research, the researcher used survey method to collect the information through asking questions which was presented in the questionnaires
and interviews. Jasobs Ary 2010 state that survey method also called descriptive
research uses instruments such as questionnaires and interviews to gather information from groups of individuals p. 28. This means that surveys will help
the researcher to summarize and measure the characteristics, attitudes, opinions, and feelings of English Language Education Study Program, especially in the
speaking sessions of CLS I. In this research, survey method was used to measure and summarize the issues which had been mentioned earlier at Critical Listening
and Speaking I students Academic Year 20142015.
B. Research Setting
