the meaning of the certain words but we just can find the meaning of a word as a single unit. There are three main types of the word’s meaning which are lexical
meaning, grammatical meaning, and also pragmatic meaning. Lexical meaning is the meaning of words which are found in the dictionary. Grammatical meaning is
the meaning related to syntactic arrangement and grammar. Pragmatic meaning is the meaning that is associated with the use of language varieties in the discourse.
C. Theoretical Framework
There are four theories used to analyze the problem in this study. Those four theories are theory of morpheme, theory of inflectional and derivational,
theory of borrowing in English Language, theory of phonology and phonetics, and theory of word meaning.
Each of the theories above has their own function in this study. The theory of morpheme is the basic theory to find out the form of the stem each complex
word in the data before the word is attached to the prefix {en-} or the suffix {-en}. The theory of borrowing in English Language can be very useful to determine the
origin of each stem. This study uses theory of phonology and phonetic to analyze deeper about the characteristics of the stem from the complex words which are
attached to the prefix {en-} or the suffix {-en}. This theory also will be very useful to know the changing of the phonological term before and after the {en-}
prefixation or {-en} suffixation. While the theory of inflection and derivation, and theory of word meaning
will have important contribution to examine the meaning of the complex words which are attached to the prefix {en-} or the suffix {-en}. Finding out the meaning
here also help the study to determine the function of each prefix {en-} or each suffix {-en} when they are applied to the stem and examine deeper the category of
the complex word. Later, by using these theory, we can also compare and find the differences between the prefix {en-} or the suffix {-en} from the three previous
analysis.
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
A. Object of the Study
The objects of this study are words with the affix {en}. This study use Oxford Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary as primary data source. The
reason of choosing it as a source is because Oxford Advanced Learner’s English
Dictionary is reliable dictionary for academic purposes, especially for linguistic need. In addition, this dictionary is used by most of the students so hopefully the
reader will be more familiar with the data that are used in this study. B.
Approach of the Study
In this research, the writer used a morphological approach to answer the problems. A morphological approach is a study which identifies the words,
morphemes, and affixes. A morphological approach is used to identify my study because the data were considered as derived words. However, in this study the
knowledge about phonology is also used since word formation require some changes of phonological aspect which is called phonological conditioning.
C. Method of The Study
For this study, the present writer conducted a library research while method of the study was an empirical study. The present writer used an empirical
study because the primary data was gathered first hand by the present writer. The purpose of library research was to find sources, theories and supporting data to
complete this study which would be used for analyzing part both data collection and in analyzing process.
1. Data Collection
In the section of the data collection, the data of {en-} prefixation was taken from
Oxford Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary as the main source of the primary data. The data of the complex words of the {en-} prefixation was
taken using population method in the certain page with the initial letters {en}. While the data of complex words of the {-en} suffixation was taken from Oxford
Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary using population method base on alphabetic sequence it means the data was collected on each page. Although in the
process of collecting the data, the present writer found stem with both prefix and suffix {en-...-en}. After the data was collected, the data was put in the table to
classify the words that contain stems with prefix {en-}, suffix {-en}, and both prefix and suffix {en-...-en}. Then the present writer classified the words that
contain stems with prefix {en-}, suffix {-en}, and both prefix and suffix {en} in lexical categories into different table. After that, the present writer selected the
table which contain adjective stems with prefix {en-}, suffix {-en}, and both prefix and suffix {en-...-en}. The last step was
providing the stem’s phonetics transcription and the meaning of the stem.
2. Data Analysis
The data analysis on this thesis was divided into four main sections. Each section also consists of several steps in order to analyze deeply. For the first
section, the present writer tries to analyze the characteristics of the adjective stem with the prefix {en-}. The characteristics will be analyzed based on the origin, and
syllable. First, the origin the prefix {en} and the suffix {-en} along with the stems
