G2 : Control Class group two T1 : Pre-test
T2 : Post-test X : Treatment using Directed Reading Thinking Activity staretegy
O : Treatment by LRD strategy
B. Variable of Research
Variable is a concept-a noun that stands for variation within a class of objects. Quantitative variables exist in some degree rather than all or none along a
continuum from less to more, and we can assign numbers to different individuals or objects to indicate how much of the variable they possess.
51
There are two variables that should be pointed out in this research:
1 Independent variable is directed reading thinking activity strategy X
Independent variable is that the writer choosed to study in order to assess their possible effects on one or more other variables. An independent variable is
presumed to affect at least partly cause or somehow influence at least one other variable.
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2 Dependent variable is students‟ recount text reading comprehension Y.
51
Jack R. Fraenkel, Norman R. Wallen,
How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education: Eighth Edition
, New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc, 2009 p. 39
52
Ibid
, p. 42
The outcome of the study is the dependent variable, which is typically measured by a test or a measuring instrument that produces quantitative data.
53
C. Operational Definition of Variable
1. Directed Reading Thinking Activity Technique
Directed Reading Thinking Activity is a teaching strategy that guides students in ma king predictions about a text and then reading to confirm or refute their predictions.
This strategy encourages students to be active and thoughtful readers, enhancing their comprehension.
2.
Students’ Recount Text Reading Comprehension
Recount text reading comprehension is the students‟ ability to get meaning of the text in the form of past event whose purpose is to inform or to entertain the readers by
giving a description of what happened and when it happened and comprehend the text in order that the students are able to answer the question and have good
understanding of main idea, inferences, grammatical features, detail, excluding facts not written, supporting ideas and vocabulary in context.
D. Population, Sample and Sampling Technique
1. Population
53
Marguerite G. Lodico,
et. al
,
Methods in Educational Research From Theory to Practice
, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2010 p. 229
