Target Needs Research Findings 1. The Results of the Need Analysis
a Necessities
One of the points in target need is students‟ goal. It can be described
as the students‟ reasons of learning English at school and the usage of their knowledge of English for their future. The table below was the result of
students‟ goal in learning English.
Table 4.1: Students’ Goal in Learning English
QuestionsStatements Items
N F
Percentage
The goal of learning English at school is ….
to support the job as a nurse abroad
35 22
62,35 to be able to speak in
English either orally or written in daily life
35 13
37,14
to support the job as a nurse 35
7 20
to support the education in university
35 7
20 to get high score in national
exam 35
7 20
Others … 35
1 2,85
Based on the table above, majority of the students learnt English to support them as a nurse with the percentage of 62,35 since the school has
signed the MOU Master of Understanding with a university of nursing in China so the students want to continue the study there.
Therefore, according to the result above, the materials was developed to make them able to speak English in daily life also to support
them for their future career as nurse, either in Indonesia or abroad. The materials was developed based on the school-based curriculum or
curriculum of 2006 that also be used by most high school with nursing department.
By learning English, the students also had view on what are the benefits of English for their future as nurse abroad that were more specific.
The result was presented below.
Table 4.2: Students’ View of Need in Target Situation
QuestionsStatements Items
N F
Percentage
When I am being a nurse abroad later, I use
English for …. communicating with the
patients and giving service to the patients
35 27
77,14
understanding nursing and medical terms in English
35 12
34,28 understanding
the work
procedures of nurse in English
35 10
28,57
communicating with the head
nurse or
the supervisors
35 8
22,85
communicating with co- workers
35 6
17,14 Others …
35 3
8,57 As stated in the table above, students chose communicating with
the patients and giving service to the patients as their main specific goal to learn English with the percentage of 77,14. It was because as nurse they
are always must to have direct communication with the patients. Then, the next item was understanding nursing and medical terms in English the
percentage of 34,28 because as nurse they do not only service the patients, but also having knowledge of nursing and undersanding medical
terms which are mostly in English. b
Lacks Hutchinson and Waters 1987 : 56 defined lacks as the gap
between current proficiency and the target proficiency. Students‟ lack of the respondents was showed by the table below.
Table 4.3: Students’ Current Proficiency
QuestionsStatements Items
N F
Percentage
My current
English proficiency is at the
level of …. beginner
able to communicate with patients and co-workers
with
basic expressions;
mastering only a bit of vocabulary of nursing and
medical terms 35
30 85,71
intermediate able to communicate with
patients and co-workers quite fluently but still with
errors in grammar; able to use English in doing jobs as
a nurse based on the work procedures
35 4
11,42
advanced able
to do
two-way communication
with patients and co-workers
fluently; able to use English in doing jobs as a nurse
based
on the
work procedures
and nursing
discipline knowledge 35
Others ... 35
1 2,85
Most students, around 85,71 of the respondents thought that their current English proficiency was in the beginner level. They were mostly
able to communicate in English with basic expression and mastering only a bit of vocabulary of nursing and medical terms. Those who were in
beginner level need to be provided by drilling and practices. Some of them, that was 11,42 claimed that their English proficiency was in the
intermediate level while no one was claimed that they were in the advenced level. After knowing where they proficiency were, the target of their
proficiency should be understood as well. The table below showed the level of prociency they should be at to support their future career and education.
Table 4.4: Students’ View about Target Proficiency
QuestionsStatements Items
N F
Percentage
To support my career and education later, my
English proficiency
should be at the level of ….
advanced able
to do
two-way communication
with patients and co-workers
fluently; able to use English in doing jobs as a nurse
based
on the
work procedures
and nursing
discipline knowledge 35
29 82,85
intermediate able to communicate with
patients and co-workers quite fluently but still with
errors in grammar; able to use English in doing jobs as
a nurse based on the work procedures
35 6
17,14
beginner able to communicate with
patients and co-workers with
basic expressions;
mastering only a bit of vocabulary of nursing and
medical terms 35
Others ... 35
The result showed that students agreed that they should be at the advanced level of English proficiency. They agreed that in the future they
should be able to do two-way communication with patients and co-workers fluently; able to use English in doing jobs as a nurse based on the work
procedures and nursing discipline knowledge. There were also 17,14 of the respondents thought that intermediate level was enough.
From the result above, it can be concluded that the average of students‟ proficiency of English was in the beginner level while they were
acknowledged that they should at least in the intermediate level and the target of English proficiency was in the advanced level. Therefore, they
have not acvhieved that target yet. As a result, they need to learn English more so that when they graduated from senior high school and continue
their education or start their career, they can be in their target of English proficiency.
c Wants
In their book, Hutchinson and Waters 1987 : 54 defined wants as what the learners ask to learn. In this aspect, they chose what they want to
learn that will be useful for them later on. Here was the result of the need analysis in the term of their wants:
Table 4.5: Students’ Wants of Language Skill in Learning English
QuestionsStatements Items
N F
Percentage
Language skill that I will usually use as a
nurse is are …. speaking
35 33
94,28 listening
35 15
42,85 writing
35 10
28,57 reading
35 6
17,14 Others ...
35 Regarding the language skill that they will usually use as nurse,
almost all students chose speaking followed by listening with the percentage of 42,85. It was because as stated in the learning goals, they
want to be able to communicate in English, therefore speaking and listening are the most important aspect to achieve that.
Besides the skill, language knowledge is also important to be learnt. The table below presents the result of need analysis especially about
the language knowledge that the students claimed will usually be used when they become nurse.
Table 4.6: Students’ Wants of Language Knowledge in Learning English
QuestionsStatements Items
N F
Percentage
Language knowledge
that I will usually use as a nurse is are ….
pronunciation 35
28 80
grammar 35
19 54,28
vocabulary 35
10 28,57
Others ... 35
In connection with the language skill that students want to learn most, the language knowledge that they mostly preferred was pronunciation
that had been chosen by 80 of the students since it was essentials for supporting speaking.