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CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
A. Literature Review 1. Teaching English in Vocational High School
a. English Curriculum of the Vocational High School
One of the most important aspect in teaching and learning process is curriculum. In Indonesia, it has been stated in the Law number 20 year 2003
about National Education System that curriculum is a set of plans and rules about the goals, content and materials of lessons and the method to conduct
the learning process to achieve the given education goals. In line with Tyler 1949, curriculum can be defined as a plan for action or a written document
that includes strategies for achieving the wanted goals or ends. In Indonesia, the government always try to develop the curriculum in
order to make good quality of education. As a result, curriculum is changed in some years if the previous curriculum was not suitable with the current
condition. There was Competency-Based Curriculum in 2004. Two years later, the new curriculum was applied. It is called School-Based Curriculum.
That curriculum was applied for seven years before the government announced the new developed curriculum with scientific approach,
Curriculum of 2013. In the process of curriculum changing, there are many problems
appear. One of them is the lack training for the teachers to apply the curriculum in school. That problem is also happened in SMK Kesehatan
Rahani Husada. According to the interview, the English teacher said that she
is not quite mastered the Curriculum of 2013 so do some other teachers in that school. Therefore, SMK Kesehatan Rahani Husada decided to not use the
Curriculum of 2013 and back to use the School-Based Curriculum. According to the National Education Department 2006, English is
an adoptive subject, in which its goal is to provide students the ability to communicate in English in the communicative materials contexts needed for
the students‟ program, either in written and spoken form. In the School-Based
Curriculum, there are two aims of English lesson: 1. to master the basic knowledge and skill of English to support the
competence achievement according to the study program 2. to apply the skill and competence of English to communicate either in
spoken or written form in the intermediate level. In School-Based Curriculum, the area of English is included the aspects
of the basic communication of English in novice level, the basic communication of English in elementary level, and the basic communication
of English in intermediate level. For grade ten, the English lesson is in the novice level. The Standards of Competences and the Basic Competences are
different for each level. As for novice level, the Standards of Competences and the Basic Competences are as follow:
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