13 someonething. The –ing participial adjectives show that the agent causes the
feelings expressed by the participle.
2 The present –ing in progress participial adjectives
He it is__ ing PA Participial Adjective
----Active The rule above states that the –ing participial adjectives show what the
noun is actively doing in progress. For instance: An escaping prisoner a prisoner who is escaping now, a growing boy a boy who is still growing.
b. The past -ed participial adjective 1 The past –ed passive participial adjectives
Someonething V itthem PA Participial Adjective ----
Object The rule above states that the –ed participial adjective show a passive
relationship with the noun they modify. For instance: Frightened animals someonething frightened themanimals, a paid employee someone paid the
employee. The –ed participial adjectives show that the noun is the receiver of feeling, or becomes the object which receives an action expressed by the
participle.
2 The past –ed completed intransitive participial adjectives
He it has __ ed PA Participial Adjective
---- Active PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
14 It is importance to be noted that for transitive verbs, an adjective formed
by adding –ed indicates a passive relationship with the noun it modifies is not a perfect idea. Therefore, the rule mentioned in the previous sentences related to the
past -ed that adjective formed from some verbs for which a passive meaning is impossible intransitive verbs or significant change of state verbs can end in –
ed. For these verbs, the –ed participial adjective carries the meaning of completeness. It means that a change is complete, rather than passive, or in a form
of perfective. The –ed participial adjective show the completeness of the noun. They do not show a passive meaning, but they show an active meaning, for
instance; a escaped prisoner a prisoner who has escaped, a grown up boy a boy who has grown up.
3. Function of Participial Adjectives
There are two functions of the English participial adjective; those are attributives and predicative, based on Sidney Greenbaum and Randolph Quirk; G
Leech and J. Svartvik in A Student’s Grammar of the English Language 1990, p. 133. According to Hewings 1999, regarding the positions, participial adjectives
can be put in phrases as explanation further in the following paragraph:
a. Attributive Position
Richard Hughes and Carmel Heal 1993, p. 71 state that attributively, -ing participial adjective describes a judgment or an opinion how situation appears to
someone. Quirk 1985, In addition believes that attributively, the –ed participial adjective shows a permanent habit and thus drop their usual passive meaning.
15 Whereas, the –ed participial adjective describe how the subject has been affected
or influenced by something.
b. Predicative Position
The predicative participial adjective come after a copula verb linking verb and not before a noun. In predicative usage, both the –ing and the –ed
participial adjective may express the state or condition of the noun which are shown by their verb base. Kibly, 1985, p. 57
2.2 Research Finding
In this section, researcher will examine about the questionnaire result and the interpretation based on result. During data collecting, researcher found two
types of data: quantitative and qualitative. Both data type cover student’s understanding on participial adjective; the quantitative ones were obtained by
questionnaire and presented in percentage whilst the qualitative ones by interview method and explained in description Very good, Good, Fair, Poor, Very poor.
A. Quantitative Data
The questionnaire consists of student’s data name, grade, student ID number and twenty sentences about –ing and –ed participial adjective with two
closed answer choices for each sentences either ‘Correct’ or ‘Incorrect’. Students were directed to analyze and answer each sentence by giving a check
mark √ in either Correct or Incorrect column.
The participial adjective uses in questionnaire above were chosen because they were usually spoken and written in daily activity to express something.
