Attributive Position Students` understanding of-ing and -ed participial adjective in English language education study program Sanata Dharma.

18 In the interview, researcher found that some of the students have a good ability to understand adjective participial. These students could differentiate the present -ing and past -ed participial adjective. It was proved by the statement students gave in the interview. “Setahu saya adjective participle itu adjective, lalu yang membedakan antara present dan past adjective participial adalah maknanya dan penggunaanya. Present adjective participle digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan sesuatu sedangkan past adjective participle untuk mengeskpresikan perasaan seseorang” –Koresponden 1 As I know, adjective participial is an adjective word, the differences between present and past are its meaning and its function. The present adjective participial describes the people or things while the past adjective participle is to express people’s feeling– Correspondent 1 However, not all students who were interviewed understand about participial adjective. Researcher found that some other students are still confused and do not know what adjective participial exactly is. They often guessed when it comes to answering questions related to adjective participial in learning English. This condition could be seen from the student’s statement in the interview as below: “…kurang tahu mas,saya sendiri masih bingung apa yang dimaksud dengan adjective participle”– Koresponden 3 …I do not really know and am confused about what adjective participial exactly is – Correspondent 3

2.3 Discussion

19 Grammar is one of the most important components in English study and it should be thoroughly understood because it is fundamental in learning English. According to Fromkin and Rodman 1998 p.13: “ The grammar, then, is what we know. It represents our linguistics competence. To understand the nature of this internalized unconscious set of rules, which is part of every grammar of every language, every human being who speaks a language knows it is grammar”. One of grammar subject which has to be mastered by English learner is participial adjective which often used in daily conversation. In the Webster’s New Twentieth Century Dictionary Unabridged 1983, English participial adjective is an adjective with –ed or –ing ending suffix. Most suffixes do not change the meaning of the base; rather, they change grammatical function of the base word. English grammar could be taught and mastered by explicit and implicit teaching. In explicit teaching, grammar taught directly by explanation of the grammar rule clearly. The lecturer will explain structure aspect of grammar while students will use logical thinking. Meanwhile, in implicit teaching the student will learn unconsciously without awareness to learn English grammar. As for Sanata Dharma ELESP students, English grammar is taught in Semester 2. Students are taught systematically by lecturer from structure and the rules. Lecturers usually give examples on grammar and explain the ‘how-to’ pattern with lack of practice. However, most students have difficulty in learning and applying grammar, particularly on participial adjective. From the finding research, students were still confused to differentiate participial adjective. Researcher found that almost half of participants fall into “Poor” and “Very Poor” category despite they have studied and passed participial