For ELESP Lecturers For ELESP Students

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

In this chapter, the researcher discusses some theories that become the basic theory of this study. This chapter is divided into two major parts which are theoretical description and theoretical framework. The theoretical description consists of review of related theories which are discussed in the research, while the theoretical framework discusses the implementation of the theories which are used to answer the research problem.

A. Theoretical Description

The researcher presents several theories in order to conduct the study. There are some theories that will be discussed, namely theories of reading attitude and CBI method. The teaching method that is used in Psikologi Belajar dan Pembelajaran course is CBI method. Therefore, the combination of those theories is needed in this study.

1. Reading Attitude

This part will discuss the theory of reading attitue. According to Guthrie and Greaney 1991, reading attitude is derived from perceptions gained from people‟s reading history and experience. A learner‟s experience of reading in the first language influences the learner‟s attitude to reading. It means that reading attitude is important, because it will influence the kind of reader they will be. The PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI concept of attitude is an issue that is often studied in educational environments. According to Eagly and Chaiken 1993, “attitude is a psychological tendency that is expressed by evaluating a particular entity with some degree of favor or disfavor” p. 1. It is support by Senemoglu 2004 who points out that “attitude is an internal situation that is acquired and has an effect on the selection of behavi or” p. 419. It means that attitude can be defined as a cognitive manner that has emotional and sentimental side and e ffect on the person‟s decision regarding doing something or not. According to McKenna et al. 1995, there are three components of attitude, namely emotional, cognitive and behavioral. The first one is the emotional that comes from emotional reactions towards the attitude. The second one is cognitive component that comes from ideas and believes that the individual has about the attitude object. The third one is behavioral component that involves behaviors towards attitude. Attitudes are emphasized heavily in the studies of reading. Sainsbury 2004 states that reading has two fundamental objectives, namely developing reading skills and positive attitudes toward reading. Studies of reading should emphasize attitudes because attitude towards reading is a variable that predicts academic achievement House et al., 1998. Reading attitude is an important factor that affects students‟ reading achievement and reading activities in class, and determines whether they will become independent readers or not Logan Johnston, 2009. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI