Three CBI Method Teaching Models at the University Level

B. Theoretical Framework

In this theoretical framework, the researcher tries to relate the theory to this research in order to answer the research question. The research problem is the students‟ reading attitude towards the use of CBI method which is implemented in Psikologi Belajar dan Pembelajaran class. In order to answer the research question, the researcher used McKenna et al. 1995 theory about reading attitude. McKenna, et al. 1995 states that reading attitude is positively associated with student s‟ achievement potential through practice. Based on this theory, reading attitude has a considerable influence on persons success in reading comprehension. Reading skill is very dominant in Psikologi Belajar dan Pembelajaran course because all of the materials are in English with a lot of new vocabularies and formal words. Therefore, the students‟ reading attitude towards the use of CBI method which is implemented in Psikologi Belajar dan Pembelajaran course will influence the students improve their reading skill. In addition, it is very good for the future, because actually Psikologi Belajar dan Pembelajaran course is taken by the beginner semester students of ELESP in Sanata Dharma University. Good reading attitude would influence students‟ achievement toward reading. It means that students must understand the material well and along with that, students can improve their vocabulary, grammar, and other skills indirectly. According to Richard and Rodgers 2001, someone who learn a second language can be said to be successful if the information they acquire is regarded as interesting, useful, and leads to the desired goal. Based on this theory, language PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI learning is more motivating when learners focus on something other than language. Vygotsky 1978 says that language is the main tool that promotes thinking, develops reasoning, and supports cultural activities. It can be expressed through reading and writing Therefore, if the students are interested and accustomed to learning English, they will master and understand everything in English easily, especially easy to develop reading skill. In this research, the researcher chose Psikologi Belajar dan Pembelajaran course because all of the materials and sources in Psikologi Belajar dan Pembelajaran are in English. CBI method could convey the meaning authentically so that students could understand the message accurately. 26

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In this chapter, the researcher will explain the method used to answer the research question. This chapter describes research method, research setting, research participants, instruments and data gathering technique, data analysis technique, and research procedure.

A. Research Method

In this research, the researcher employed mixed method to answer the research question. Mixed method is a research method which combines quantitative and qualitative research in which the result of each method gives better understanding of certain phenomenon Ary, Jacob, and Razavieh, 2010. According to Creswell 2003 in mixed method, the researcher uses both quantitative and qualitative data because they work to provide the best understanding of a research problem. In this study, there were three reasons why mixed method was chosen by the researcher based on the explanation of mixed method by Ary et al. 2010. The first reason was because using one methodology was not enough to conduct this research. The quantitative data that were obtained by distributing questionnaire did not provide all the information needed because it might be less complete for understanding the problem or situation if the researcher only used a PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI single method Ary et al., 2010. The researcher could get more complete understanding and stronger evidence for the conclusion of findings by using mixed method. It is because the researcher interviewed the participants to obtain qualitative data to gave more detail information Ary et al., 2010. The second reason was because mixed method can be used by the researcher to find clarification of findings from one method by using results from another method Ary et al., 2010. It is needed to clarify findings from different methods because the participants might give different explanation from what they chose in the questionnaire. Therefore, mixed method would help the researcher to clarify findings. The third reason was because the researcher used quantitative data to select the interviewees and analyze the data and then the researcher analyzed the data qualitatively. The researcher used the results from one method to develop results or inform another method when the researcher employed mixed method Ary, et al,. 2010. In this research, the researcher used a type of mixed method, namely sequential design. According to Ary 2010, sequential design is a design in which the analysis of data which are obtained and examined in first phase of research will influence the choices made in the next phase. The researcher used sequential design because the data collection and analysis in this research occurred in two phases at the different time. First, the sequence was quantitative findings collection then followed by qualitative findings collection. Ary et al. 2010 state that in sequential design, the different forms of data are collected and examined in PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI