25 brought misfortune with him. Taken before the High Priest of Akbar, he was
condemned to die on the Fifth Mountain. Up on the mountain, an angel of God directed him to descend and, through Gods power, restore the boy to life.
As his feelings for the widow and her son grew, Elijah was torn between an earthly love he had never known and the desire to return to Israel and remove
Jezebel from the throne. Nevertheless, he must have remained in Akbar until the Lord ordered him to depart. Soon Elijah found himself at the center of a military
and political maelstrom that challenged his faith and forced him to confront the unavoidable. Out of the tragedy that emerged, Elijah learned lessons that were
applicable to all of humankind. The author of this novel, Paulo Coelho wrote this novel actually because
he wanted to share his point of view when the unavoidable happened at the very secure and confident moment. He disclosed the way people should perceive
tragedy in their life as it did normally happen. In this novel, he transformed himself as Elijah. He told his own experience concerning the unavoidable event.
Nonetheless, he learned how to deal with his problems through the life of Elijah.
B. Approach of the Study
Scott defines the moral-philosophical approach as the criticism of life. Therefore, it is concerned with the end of literature as affecting man, with
literature as “it takes place in the human forum of ideas and attitude” 123-125. There is also another theory from Guerin related to the moral philosophical
approach. According to Guerin, moral-philosophical approach is “the approach
26 which insists to teach morality and to probe philosophical issues. Also, it insists
on ascertaining and stating what is taught” 77-78. Based on the theories above, it can be concluded that the moral-
philosophical approach aims to analyze the ideas of moral value. This approach is really helpful to search what value people highly affirm in their life. Dealing with
the study, therefore I choose to apply the moral-philosophical approach as a means to analyze the issue as it concerns with human moral consciousness, what
kinds of problem related to affirming the values, and how he or she should overcome those problems. Through the character of Elijah, the highly affirmed
values such as love, faith and hope are represented. Those three values are challenged in the light of tragedy. The deep character of Elijah can be seen from
his struggle for holding on those values and trying to share those values through his actions and his words to people in Akbar.
C. Method and Procedure of the Study
This study applied the library research to analyze Paulo Coelho’s The Fifth Mountain. It means that books are the most important sources and references
to support this research. There are two kinds of sources used in this study, namely the primary and secondary resources.
The primary source of this study was obtained from the novel The Fifth Mountain written by Paulo Coelho. The secondary sources were obtained from the
books related to the character and characterization theory, critical approach theory of love, faith, hope, and the theory of the positive value of tragedy. Some of them
27 were taken from Robert Stanton’s An Introduction to Fiction, M.J Murphy’s
Understanding Unseen, M.H Abrams’ A Glossary of Literary Terms, and Erich Fromm’s The Art of Loving.
There were some steps in accomplishing this study. The first one was reading the novel The Fifth Mountain by Paulo Coelho as the primary source.
Here, I did the careful reading and re-reading. Also, I paid more attention on the values that brought by the main character. Some important quotations or sayings
were highlighted in the text as the supporting ideas. The second step was collecting the data that described the literary theories such as theory of character
and characterization, critical approach, and Christian values. Also, I read some criticisms that I got from the internet as the secondary
source for this study. The third step was analyzing the novel. Mainly analyzing the novel was used to answer the problem formulation about the character and
characterization of Elijah. Meanwhile to get the deep analysis for the second problem formulation, I used the combination of the novel as the primary source
and the other references related to the subjects. The last step was drawing the conclusion.
28
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS
