Data Analysis Technique RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Chapter 3 and also the explanation of the double meanings occurring in the phrase. Later, the writer will give some resolutions how the English learners can resolve the structural ambiguity so it will have clearer meaning. There will be two different meanings of each ambiguity presented by the writer. As it is stated before that the data are structural ambiguities which are caused by equivocal phrasing or amphibology in which individual lexemes are not ambiguous, but their combination in forming a phrase or sentence may have two or more interpretations Ullman, 1977, p. 156, in each number of the ambiguity that will be listed below, the English learners may have two ways to resolve the ambiguity based on the possible meaning that the fan-fiction authors intended to deliver to the readers by reconstructing the ambiguous forms of each phrase found. As additional information, some of the phrases found in the fan-fictions remain ambiguous even though the phrases have been observed inseparably from the context of the text. This phenomenon is what is called permanent ambiguity as it has been mention in Chapter 2. Meanwhile some of the other phrase is temporary ambiguous since when the phrases are being related to the context, the ambiguity will be resolve by itself. However, this phenomenon will not be discussed any further in this study since it is beyond the scope of this study. The section below is the structurally ambiguous phrases found in the fan- fictions with its meanings and resolutions. In diagram 1a the adjective ‘tiny’ only modifies the noun ‘bubbles’ which forms noun phrase ‘tiny bubbles’. The word ‘tiny’ does not modify the noun ‘imperfections’. In the other words, the one which is tiny is the bubbles not the imperfections. To get clearer meaning of this phrase structure, the English learners should change the place of the second noun ‘imperfections’ by putting it in front to be the first noun in the phrase so the whole sentence will be: Even the glass dishes with the imperfections and tiny bubbles proof that they were crafted by the honest and simple hard working and diligent people of… wherever. Meanwhile, in diagram 1b the adjective ‘tiny’ modifies both of the noun ‘bubbles’ and ‘imperfection’, meaning that the bubbles and the imperfections are both tiny. The English learners should give the same pre-modifier ‘tiny’ to the second noun ‘imperfections’ to clarify the meaning of this phrase, so later the whole sentence will be: Even the glass dishes with the tiny bubbles and tiny imperfections, proof that they were crafted by the honest and simple hard working and diligent people of… wherever. 2. “The room used to be white, white bed, white walls, white curtains and you installed a dreamlike chandelier that sparkled with tiny, glittering crystals, and you’ve once danced with me underneath it, making me feel like I’m gliding amongst white clouds and stars.” Five Sentences Drabble: 18 – Sentimental Journey by Akichuu, posted on 02 January 2010 The adjective ‘simple’ in diagram 3a only modifies the noun ‘t-shirt’, forming a noun phrase ‘simple t-shirt’. The adjective ‘simple’ does not modify the noun ‘pants’. The one which is simple in this phrase is the t- shirt, not the pants. To get clearer meaning of this diagram, the English learners should change the place of the second noun ‘pants’ to the front of the phrase, and the sentence will be: He ran quickly to his bedroom, searched the pants and simple t-shirt in his wardrobe and he hoped his clothes would fit Yuu. Meanwhile, in diagram 3b the adjective ‘simple’ modifies both of the noun ‘t-shirt’ and ‘pants’. To clarify the meaning that both of the t-shirt and pants are simple, the English learners should give the same pre- modifier to the second noun ‘pants’, so the sentence will be: He ran quickly to his bedroom searched the simple t-shirt and simple pants in his wardrobe and he hoped his clothes would fit Yuu. 4. “And probably a little pink and purple wouldn’t hurt.” A Little Bit of Pink Will Do You Good by Akichuu, posted on 14 March 2010 The phrase a little pink and purple in the sentence above has two different forms which produce two different meanings at a time as it is drawn in the following diagrams. In diagram 7a the degree ‘really’ does not modify the adjective ‘unfamiliar’. It only modifies the adjective ‘weird’ which forms adjective phrase ‘really weird’. Clarifying the actual meaning of this phrase structure, the English learners should change the place of the second adverb ‘unfamiliar’ and putting it in front so the whole sentence will be: There were some unfamiliar and really weird things he learned while talking to some of the female staff, like, why they became dangerously cranky when they were having their period, and why it was very important to never ask a woman how old they really were. The degree ‘really’, in diagram 7b, modifies both of the adjective ‘weird’ and ‘unfamiliar’. The English learners should give the same pre-modifier ‘really’ to the second adjective ‘unfamiliar’ of this phrase to get the clear meaning from this form, so the whole sentence will be: There were some really weird and really unfamiliar things he learned while talking to some of the female staff, like, why they became dangerously cranky when they were having their period, and why it was very important to never ask a woman how old they really were. 8. “The city that we called Lumivia is such a very gothic and dark city where all the descendants of the darkness lives and searches for fresh blood but not like a vampire film that killing their prey after drinking their blood.” Crimson Heart by Black Fenrir, posted on 25 September 2009 The sentence above is structurally ambiguous because of the noun phrase such a very gothic and dark city. This phrase has two different forms