20
D. The procedures of translation
There are some procedures that a translator should know: a. Translation, this means rendering the sound of an SL to a TL from.
b. Translation, this is the process of rendering the letters of one alphabet for the letters of another with a different alphabetical
system. c. Borrowing, a procedure to adopt SL text when the TL has no
equivalent for the SL text. d. Literal,
this is
one-to-one structural
and conceptual
correspondence. It can include borrowing and word-for-word translation.
e. Transposition, this is one of the most common procedures used in translation. It involves replacing a grammatical structure in the SL
with one of different type in the TL in order to achieve the same effect. Example: ‘Good morning’ is translates into ‘Selamat pagi’.
f. Modulation entails a change in lexical elements; a shift in the point
of view Modulation and transposition are two main processes in the translation. Transposition and modulation may take place at the
same time. Example: ‘No smoking’ is translated into ‘Dilarang merokok’. The word ‘No’ has modulation with ‘Dilarang’.
g. Adaptation, this process is used when the other do not suffice. It involves modifying the concept, or using a situation analogous to
the SL situation thought not identicalto it. An adaptation May at the same time entail modulation and transposition: ‘First class’ is
translated into ‘kelas satu’. The word ‘kelas’ adaptation from ‘class’.
h. Omission this means that there is no translation in SL part of the text to TL, example: ‘Beware of the dog’ is translated into ‘awas
anjing’. The omission word ‘of and the’. i.
Adding, this process is used to help when the translation that had the related with the technique, the culture and others. Adding and
21
borrowing may take place at the same time. Example: ‘National Bank’ is translated into ‘Bank Nasional’ adding word ‘Bank’.
j. Subtraction, this means the decrease of the SL text, example:
‘automobile’ is translated into ‘mobil’. The subtracting word ‘auto’.
k. Expanded, this means expand of the TL text, example: ‘whale’ is translated into ‘ikan paus’.
E. Translation of the Qur’an
Kategori