2 Negative Statement
To make negative statement for subject I, you, we and they, the formula is:
For Examples: I do not read a magazine every morning.
They do not like swimming. To make negative statement for subject he, she, it, the
formula is:
For Examples: Farah does not study French every Thursday.
Mr. Rezki does not drink coffee every morning
.
3 Interrogative Statement
To make interrogative statement for subject I, you, we, and they, the formula is:
For Examples: Do you eat fried rice every morning?
Do Alif and Venni visit their grandmother every week? To make interrogative statement for subject he, she, and it,
the formula is:
For Examples: Does he study every night?
Does cat eat fish?
b.
Simple Present Tense with be
1 Affirmative Statement Subject + do + not + verb1 + objectcomplement
Subject + does + not + verb1 + objectcomplement
Do + subject + verb 1+ objectcomplement + ?
Does + subject + verb 1+ objectcomplement + ?
To make affirmative statement for subject I with be, the formula is:
For Example: I am a smart girl.
To make affirmative statement for subject you, we, and they with be, the formula is:
For Examples: We are busy.
They are students
.
To make affirmative statement for subject he, she, and it with be, the formula is:
For Examples: She is sick.
It is an animal.
2 Negative Statement
To make a negative statement using verb for the subject I with be, the formula is:
For Example: I am not a singer.
To make a negative statement using verb for the subject you, we, and they with be, the formula is:
For Examples: They are not an employer.
Subject + am + adjectiveadverb of placenoun
Subject + are+ adjectiveadverb of placenoun
Subject + is + adjectiveadverb of placenoun
Subject + am + not + adjectiveadverb of placenoun
Subject + are + not + adjectiveadverb of placenoun
We are not hungry. To make negative statement for subject he, she, and it
with be, the formula is:
For Examples: Hendri is not handsome.
It is not very big.
3 Interrogative Statement
To make interrogative statement for subject I with be, the formula is:
For Example: Am I beautiful?
To make interrogative statement for subject you, we, and they with be, the formula is:
For Examples: Are you sick?
Are Fika and Anto smart? To make interrogative statement for subject he, she, and it
with be, the formula is:
For Examples: Is he in Bali?
Is it easy for you?
Subject + is + not + adjectiveadverb of placenoun
Am + subject + adjectiveadverb of placenoun +?
Are + Subject + adjectiveadverb of placenoun +?
Is + subject + adjectiveadverb of placenoun +?
4. The Usage of Simple Present Tense
The simple present says that something was true in the present, and will be true in the future. It is used for general statement of fact. The simple
present tense is used to express habitual or every day activity
.
15
Some functions of simple present tense are as following: a.
To express habitual or repeated action
16
Example: my mother always cooks in the morning.
b.
To express an action occurring at the present time with a “mental activity” verb
.
17
Example: I think you are right. c.
To express commentaries.
18
Example: as broadcast during a supporting even such as football match.
d. To express general truth.
19
Example: the sun rises in the east.
5. The Way of Transforming Simple Present Tense
Sentences
a.
Auxiliary Verb
There are following ways to transform simple present tense sentence with using auxiliary verb as the main verb, they are:
1 To transform affirmative statement into negative statement with the subject I, we, they, you, use or add to be “am, are
+ not” after the subjects.
Examples:
15
Betty S. Azar, Understanding and Using English Grammar, 2
nd
ed, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1989, p. 11
16
B. D. Graver, Advanced English Practice, 2
nd
ed, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971, p. 44
17
Ann Rimes, How English Works: a grammar handbook with readings, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998, p. 104
18
A. S. Hornby, Guide to Pattern and Usage in English, 2
nd
ed, New York: Oxford University Press, 1975, p. 83
19
P. C. Wren, High School English Grammar and Composition, New Delhi: S. Chand Company Ltd, 1982, p. 106
I am hungry. I am not hungry.
You are a farmer. You are not a famer.
2 To transform affirmative statement into negative statement with the subject
he, she, it, use or add to be “is + not” after the subjects.
Examples: She is rich.
She is not rich. It is beautiful.
It is not beautiful. 3 To transform declarative statement into interrogative
statement, move to be auxiliary verb on the beginning of sentence and put a question mark ? at the end of the
sentence. Examples:
You are a farmer. Are you a farmer?
It is beautiful. Is it beautiful?
b.
Verb Tense
The ways to transform simple present tense which has verb V1Vess can be presented as follow:
1 To transform affirmative statement into negative statement with the subject I, we, they, you, use or add to be“do +
not” or “don‟t” after the subjects.
Examples: I swim every Monday.
I don‟t swim every Monday. We speak loudly.
We don‟t speak loudly. 2 To transform affirmative statement into negative statement
with the subject he, she, it, use or add to be “does + not” or “doesn‟t” after the subjects and followed by V1 without
“s” or “es”.
Examples: She drinks a cup of coffee.
She doesn‟t drink a cup of coffee.
Lion eats meat. Lion doesn‟t eat meat.
3 To transform declarative statement into interrogative statement with the subject, move auxiliary verb on the
beginning of sentence and put a question mark ? at the end of sentence.
Examples: We speak loudly.
Do we speak loudly? Lion eats meat.
Does lion eat meat?
C. Present Progressive Tense 1.
The Understanding of Present Progressive Tense
Present progressive tense belongs to the several tenses stand for the events in progress.
“Present continues tense is also called the present progressive.
”
20
Present continuous tense is called the real present, in the sense that it can be demonstrated, seen, etc.
21
According to A.S. Hornby “The present progressive is tense most often used for this purpose. It is the tense most closely associated with the
present time. There may be an adverbial on present time e.g. now, today, but this is not essential.
22
The progressive forms represent actions or evens, or series of actions or evens, viewed at some point between their beginning and end. They
imply that an action or series of actions has already begun but is not yet completed. At the same time, they indicate that the duration of the action or
series of actions is limited.
23
2. The Rules of Using Present Progressive Tense
20
Martin Parrott, Grammar for English Language Teachers, 2
nd
ed, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010, p. 192
21
Nasrun Mahmud, English for Muslim University, 3
rd
ed, Jakarta: Pusat Bahasa dan Budaya UIN Jakarta, 2003, p. 86
22
A. S. Hornby, Guide to Pattern and Usage in English, 2
nd
ed, New York: Oxford University Press, 1975, p. 82
23
B. D. Graver, Advanced English Practice, 3
rd
ed, New York: Oxford University Press, 1971, p. 56
