22 Meanwhile, gender role is set of expectation that prescribes how male and
female should think, act, and feel.
30
It refers to the attitudes and behaviors that class a persons stereotypical identity, e.g. women cook and clean, men fix
cars, women make good nurses, men make good mechanics, etc.
2. The Influences of Gender in Language Development of Children
Some researchers in psychology have observed that generally, boys lag behind girls in language acquisition. Boys and girls grow up in different
worlds of talk parents, siblings, peers, teachers, and others talk with boys and girls differently. Girls begin to talk at earlier age than boys. At every age,
boys‘ sentences are shorter and less grammatically correct, their vocabularies are smaller, and their pronunciations are less accurate than girls‘.
31
In other side, boys have faster motor skills development. Boys are generally more active than girls. This is certainly cultural and hormonal, but it
may be neurological as well, because young girls‘ brains seem to mature faster than those of young boys even before birth.
E. Conceptual Framework
Language is a form of communication, both spoken and written, that is based on a system of symbols. We need language to speak to others, listen to
others, read, and write. Our language enables us to describe past events in detail
30
Ibid.
31
Elizabeth B. Hurlock 1978, op.cit.171
23 and to plan for the future. Language lets us pass down information from one
generation to the next and to create a rich culture heritage. To take communication, it‘s not enough if we just understand the
linguistics of language. But, we must have the ability how to use language appropriately and how to convey the information effectively. And in other word, it
can be called as communicative competence. Communicative competence developes together with a person becomes older.
The development of communicative competence is one of language acquisition aspects. The one of thing that is being the attention is the differences
at communicative competence development system because of gender difference. If the gender difference influences the language acquisition development of
children, so the gender has to influence the communicative competence development.
Some of psychology researches showed that there is difference between girl and boy. The girl is inclined to communicate using the words faster than the
boy. Physically, the girl is getting adult faster than the boy; and because of the intellectual aspects development depend on related physic structure development,
it can be called that some of competences development are develop faster at the girl.
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F. Hypothesis
Based on the conceptual framework, the writer formulates the hypothesis of this research as follows:
1. Null Hypothesis Ho = there is no correlation between the childrens‘
gender and their communicative competence. 2.
Alternative Hypothesis Ha = there is a correlation between the childrens‘ gender and their communicative competence.
25
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Method of the Research
In writing this research, the writer used a survey method through correlational technique. She analyzed the research by using Phi Coefficient to
know the result.
B. Place and Time of the Research
The research was conducted at Kumon Vila Nusa Indah Ruko Vila Nusa Indah 2, Blok W3 No.18 Gunung Putri, Bogor 16969. It was carried out from
February – April 2011.
C. Population and Sample of the Research
The population of the study are the whole students either girls or boys who were 7-9 years of age at Kumon Villa Nusa Indah Bogor. The writer picked 5
couples girls and boys of every level of age 30 students from 150 students of Kumon Villa Nusa Indah Bogor. It is 20 of the research population. Suharsimi
has explained in his book, that: Selanjutnya, jika jumlah subjeknya besar dapat diambil antara 10-
15 atau 20-25 atau lebih, tergantung setidak-tidaknya dari: a.
Kemampuan peneliti dilihat dari waktu, tenaga, dan dana.
